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When Ann Taylor,a well-known retailer of sophisticated women's clothing,started losing sales to its own LOFT outlets that feature moderately priced casual clothes,Ann Taylor was dealing with the marketing phenomenon known as __________.


A) amortization
B) guerrilla marketing
C) shrinkage
D) marketing Darwinism
E) cannibalization

F) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

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The axes on a perceptual map are


A) sales and profitability.
B) two product attributes,ranging from high to low on that attribute.
C) market share and market growth rate.
D) customer perceptions of the firm's product versus the average of all brands in the industry.
E) customer perceptions of the firm's product versus the brand of the firm's principal competitor.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Determining the size of specific markets within a market-product grid is helpful in determining which target market segments to select and


A) how to implement the 80-20 rule.
B) which products to group into meaningful categories.
C) how to implement a harvesting strategy.
D) which product groupings to offer.
E) which products to reposition.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

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When a firm produces only a single product or service and attempts to sell it to two or more market segments,it avoids __________.


A) the extra cost of developing and producing additional versions of the product
B) creating a customer service gap
C) indirect distribution and logistics problems
D) restructuring the firm's strategic planning
E) amortization costs of product enhancements

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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When a new product or a new retail chain steals customers and sales from older existing ones of an organization,it is referred to as


A) cannibalization.
B) amortization.
C) product appropriation.
D) product pilfering.
E) marketing Darwinism.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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The Zappos segmentation strategy is based on


A) offering the best selection of shoes and the best service to online shoppers.
B) designing shoes for every type of occasion.
C) dividing all their customers into two distinct segments: people shopping for low price and people shopping for style.
D) offering the best selection of shoes through multiple channels of distribution.
E) maintaining the simplest method of price points to make the purchase process as simple as possible for its customers.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Which of the following statements regarding segmentation bases is most accurate?


A) The identification of demographic variables is more objective than the identification of psychographic variables,which is more subjective.
B) Marketers should use segmentation bases in this order to reduce potential costs: behavioral,demographic,psychographic,and geographic.
C) The identification of psychographic variables is more objective than the identification of demographic variables,which is more subjective.
D) Behavioral segmentation is based primarily on personality.
E) Psychographic segmentation is based primarily on product features.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

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One approach to positioning a new product in a market is __________ positioning,which involves competing directly with competitors on similar product attributes in the same target market.


A) perceptual
B) psychological
C) differentiation
D) head-to-head
E) market

F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

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Name Maker is an online company that sells high-end gift wrapping that can have custom slogans or names printed on it,such as the name of a person celebrating a birthday or a couple who is getting married.This made-to-order gift wrapping is priced from $24.95 to $32.95 per 12-foot roll.This is an example of


A) family branding.
B) mass customization.
C) synergistic marketing.
D) "Tiffany/Walmart" marketing.
E) specialty customization.

F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

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All of the following are psychographic segmentation variables EXCEPT:


A) lifestyle
B) needs
C) birth era
D) VALS
E) personality

F) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

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To create a market-product grid for bed pillows,the most effective way to segment the market would be using


A) the age of the sleeper: less than 18 years of age,18 to 44 years of age,or 45 years and older.
B) the sleeper's annual income: less than $25,000,$25,000 to $49,999,or $50,000 and over.
C) the sleeper's gender: male or female.
D) the time of sleep: day or night.
E) how the sleeper sleeps: side,back,or stomach.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Small athletic shoe manufacturers such as Vans have targeted niche markets and make shoes designed to satisfy the needs of different specific groups of customers.This strategy is an example of


A) market segmentation.
B) mass customization.
C) customized manufacturing.
D) single chain marketing.
E) market specific selection.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

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All of the following would be a logical way to group the products Wendy's sells at its restaurants EXCEPT:


A) dinner
B) burgers
C) breakfast
D) between-meal snacks
E) lunch

F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

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To be identified as a market segment,its members must


A) represent a large share of the entire market and have buying power.
B) have common needs and respond similarly to a marketing action.
C) have different needs and have potential for future growth.
D) have different needs and respond similarly to market actions.
E) have the potential for future growth and increased profit or ROI.

F) A) and C)
G) All of the above

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You can go to your nearest Hallmark card store and buy a birthday greeting card for a friend and pay $4.50.Or,you can buy a Hallmark card from its new $0.99 line of greeting cards that is not quite as nice in terms of quality materials,but just as sentimental,that are sold at Barnes and Noble bookstores.This is an example of


A) mass customization.
B) organizational synergy.
C) one product and multiple market segments.
D) price discrimination.
E) a "Tiffany/Walmart" strategy.

F) None of the above
G) C) and E)

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A recent study by the Aberdeen Group analyzed which segmentation bases were used by the 20 percent most profitable organizations of the 220 surveyed.Which segmentation base did these organizations use most?


A) behavioral
B) psychographic
C) geographic
D) demographic
E) product

F) B) and E)
G) All of the above

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Which marketing program strategy does a firm use to sell a single product or service to multiple market segments?


A) developing and producing another version of the product
B) manufacturing different products that appeal to different markets
C) developing separate promotional campaigns for each market
D) acquiring another firm that has additional products that would appeal to multiple markets
E) issuing stock to fund additional research and development for new products

F) None of the above
G) C) and D)

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Chip-N-Dough Cookie Company will let you select cookies and put a photo of yourself on the tin.This is an example of


A) mass customization.
B) multiple marketing.
C) target marketing.
D) product clustering.
E) repositioning.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

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Positioning that involves competing directly with competitors on similar product attributes in the same target market is referred to as __________.


A) competitive repositioning
B) position downsizing
C) differentiation positioning
D) head-to-head positioning
E) product distinction positioning

F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Which of the following is an example of a multiple products and multiple market segments strategy?


A) College Football magazine selects different covers for essentially the same written content in order to appeal to different geographic markets in the U.S.
B) A new movie used several different movie trailers.One set of previews showed the action scenes in order to attract one audience and the other set showed romantic scenes to attract another audience.
C) Ford manufactures SUVs for those who wish to carry lots of people and pickup trucks for those who wish to carry lots of cargo.
D) Arm and Hammer Baking Soda can be used for baking and to remove odors from refrigerators and litter boxes.
E) Johnson's Baby Oil is advertised as a skin softener for babies and as a makeup remover for women.

F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

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