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What are the various causes of conflict?

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The three general categories of conditio...

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Karl is the labor union negotiator. Today, he is meeting with the top management to discuss the new five-year contract, including wages and benefits. This labor-management negotiation over wages is most likely to use ________ bargaining.


A) associative
B) distributive
C) evaluative
D) integrative
E) reflective

F) None of the above
G) D) and E)

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In a negotiation process, which of the following activities is most likely to be included in the "preparation and planning" step?


A) exchange of the initial proposals or demands
B) designing procedures for implementing the agreement that has been worked out
C) determining your best alternative to a negotiated agreement
D) justifying your original demands
E) determining where will the negotiation take place

F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

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Megatron Construction is having a dispute with a home buyer about some of the terms of their building contract. Both the company and the home buyer want to avoid the expenses and trouble of going to court, but they cannot agree on how to settle their disagreement. -The home buyer wants to bring in a third party who will have the authority to dictate an agreement. This person will be a(n) ________.


A) plaintiff
B) consultant
C) conciliator
D) mediator
E) arbitrator

F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

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Assertiveness indicates the degree to which ________.


A) one party attempts to satisfy the other party's concerns
B) the parties attempt to find a win-win solution
C) the parties are willing to involve a third party in conflict resolution
D) one party attempts to satisfy his or her own concerns
E) one party attempts to suppress the conflict

F) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

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D

Which of the following methods of third-party negotiation always results in a settlement?


A) consultancy
B) conciliation
C) mediation
D) arbitration
E) execution

F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

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Conditions that can create conflicts can be classified into three categories. Which of the following is one of these three categories that includes variables such as jurisdictional clarity, member-goal compatibility, and leadership styles?


A) process variables
B) communication
C) personal variables
D) structure
E) group interactions

F) B) and D)
G) None of the above

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According to the traditional view of conflict, all conflict is ________.


A) rational and cannot be avoided
B) healthy and improves productivity
C) necessary and improves creativity of a group
D) natural and helps generate discussion
E) harmful and must be avoided

F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

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E

The two parties eventually agree to ask Sam Spade, an attorney and trusted friend, to help them informally to solve their problem. Sam's role is that of a(n) ________.


A) conciliator
B) arbitrator
C) consultant
D) mediator
E) plaintiff

F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

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Which of the following statements is true regarding conflict?


A) Diversity of goals among groups is a major source of conflict.
B) As the ambiguity about where responsibility for actions lies decreases, the potential for conflict increases.
C) People low in the personality traits of disagreeableness, neuroticism, or self-monitoring are more likely to engage in a conflict.
D) The less specialized the activities of the group, the greater the likelihood of conflict.
E) The smaller the group, the greater the likelihood of conflict.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Distributive bargaining attempts to create a win-win solution for both the parties.

A) True
B) False

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During which phase of the negotiation process do the parties exchange their initial proposals or demands?


A) integration of preferences
B) preparation and planning
C) clarification and justification
D) definition of ground rules
E) bargaining and problem solving

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Labor and management at Leo Trucking cannot seem to agree upon a contract for the truck drivers. As each side contends that they are bargaining fairly, no agreement seems to be possible. The drivers are threatening to go on strike, and management knows that such a strike would prove to be costly. -None of the parties involved in the dispute wants to reach a win-win agreement. They are each highly focused on their demands which they would like to achieve, otherwise known as their ________ points.


A) focal
B) resistance
C) tolerance
D) target
E) distribution

F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

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Which of the following statements is true regarding integrative bargaining?


A) Integrative bargaining involves low information sharing.
B) Integrative bargaining leaves one party a loser.
C) Integrative bargaining is used in labor-management negotiations most of the time.
D) Integrative bargaining operates under zero-sum conditions.
E) Integrative bargaining focuses on long-term relationships.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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The conflict-handling intention of accommodating is assertive and cooperative.

A) True
B) False

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During which phase of the negotiation process do the parties have the actual discussion to hash out an agreement?


A) integration of preferences
B) definition of ground rules
C) bargaining and problem-solving
D) preparation and planning
E) closure and implementation

F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

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The conflict-handling intention of accommodating is ________.


A) reflective and assertive
B) unassertive and cooperative
C) assertive and uncooperative
D) assertive and cooperative
E) unassertive and uncooperative

F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

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B

In the case of a distributive bargaining, the ________ point indicates what a person would like to achieve out of the negotiation.


A) target
B) focus
C) resistance
D) bargaining
E) distribution

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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During a negotiation, making an initial offer leads to the ________ bias.


A) self-serving
B) belief
C) framing
D) anchoring
E) attributional

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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Which of the following statements is true regarding the managed conflict perspective?


A) It argues that conflicts improve creativity of the group.
B) It classifies conflicts into functional and dysfunctional conflicts.
C) It is based on the view that conflicts reduce the long-term viability of the group.
D) It argues that all conflicts are bad and should be eliminated.
E) It proposes that some conflict is absolutely necessary for a group to perform effectively.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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