Question 1

J. McVicker Hunt began a program of tutored human enrichment in an Iranian orphanage. This program trained caregivers to

Accepted Answer

A)   ignore babies' crying.
B)   imitate babies' babbling.
C)   calculate babies' intelligence quotients.
D)   do all of these things.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 2

If the heritability of intelligence within both group A and group B is 100 percent, differences in average intelligence between these groups might result from

Accepted Answer

A)   environmental differences if the two groups are genetically similar.
B)   genetic differences if the two groups have similar environments.
C)   both genetic and environmental differences between the two groups.
D)   any of these situations.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 3

On which of the following tasks are men most likely to outperform women?

Accepted Answer

A)   speed-reading
B)   interpreting literature
C)   learning a foreign language
D)   mentally rotating three-dimensional objectsE) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 4

Self-fulfilling expectations are most likely to be triggered by

Accepted Answer

A)   the Flynn effect.
B)   factor analysis.
C)   polygenetics.
D)   stereotype threat.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 5

Psychologists would be likely to agree that

Accepted Answer

A)   intelligence tests have greater predictive validity for men than for women.
B)   intelligence tests have comparable predictive validity for Whites and Blacks.
C)   intelligence tests have less predictive validity for poor students than for rich students.
D)   all of these statements are true.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 6

Support programs that suggest minority students cannot succeed without special academic help may unintentionally promote

Accepted Answer

A)   savant syndrome.
B)   stereotype threat.
C)   heritability.
D)   factor analysis.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above B

Question 7

The distribution of intelligence test scores among ________ Americans is represented by the normal curve.

Accepted Answer

A)   White
B)   Hispanic
C)   Black
D)   members of any of these groups ofE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 8

Intelligence tests are most likely to be considered culturally biased in terms of their

Accepted Answer

A)   content validity.
B)   predictive validity.
C)   normal distribution.
D)   reliability.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

Psychologists generally agree that intelligence test scores are ________ in terms of being sensitive to differences caused by cultural experiences and are ________ in terms of their predictive validity for different groups.

Accepted Answer

A)   biased; biased
B)   biased; not biased
C)   not biased; biased
D)   not biased; not biasedE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

Twin and adoption studies are helpful for assessing the ________ of intelligence.

Accepted Answer

A)   stability
B)   reliability
C)   heritability
D)   variabilityE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Blacks have been found to score lower on tests of verbal aptitude when tested by Whites than when tested by Blacks. This best illustrates the impact of

Accepted Answer

A)   standardization.
B)   emotional intelligence.
C)   stereotype threat.
D)   the Flynn effect.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 12

The heritability of intelligence among children of less-educated parents is relatively

Accepted Answer

A)   low because of the relatively small differences in their environmental settings.
B)   low because of the relatively large differences in their environmental settings.
C)   high because of the relatively small differences in their environmental settings.
D)   high because of the relatively large differences in their environmental settings.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Experts who defend intelligence tests against accusations of racial bias note that racial differences in intelligence test scores

Accepted Answer

A)   have increased in the past decade despite the introduction of less culturally biased test items.
B)   occur on nonverbal as well as verbal intelligence test subscales.
C)   are a clear indication that the heritability of intelligence approaches 100 percent.
D)   are just as significant as intelligence differences among members of a single race.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C) B

Question 14

Among entering American collegians, men are ________ likely than women to spend many hours playing video games. Playing action video games has been observed to ________ players' spatial abilities.

Accepted Answer

A)   no more; have no effect on
B)   more; have no effect on
C)   no more; boost
D)   more; boostE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 15

Males' reading ability scores vary ________ than females' scores and males' math test performance scores vary ________ than females' scores.

Accepted Answer

A)   less; more
B)   more; less
C)   less; less
D)   more; moreE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 16

Which of the following observations provides the BEST evidence that intelligence test scores are influenced by environment?

Accepted Answer

A)   Identical twins reared apart are less similar in their intelligence scores than identical twins reared together.
B)   The intelligence scores of children are positively correlated with those of their parents.
C)   Identical twins are more similar in their intelligence scores than are fraternal twins.
D)   The intelligence scores of siblings reared together are positively correlated.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 17

The similarity between intelligence scores of fraternal twins reared together is

Accepted Answer

A)   equal to that between identical twins reared apart.
B)   less than that between children and their biological parents.
C)   equal to that between ordinary siblings reared together.
D)   less than that between identical twins reared apart.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C) D

Question 18

Students are most likely to develop a "growth mindset" that results in a focus on learning when they believe that intelligence is

Accepted Answer

A)   changeable.
B)   polygenetic.
C)   an indication of one's mental age.
D)   distributed in a bell-shaped pattern.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

With increasing age, identical twins' intelligence test scores become ________ positively correlated. With increasing age, adoptive siblings' scores become ________ positively correlated.

Accepted Answer

A)   more; more
B)   less; less
C)   more; less
D)   less; moreE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 20

The impact of early environmental influences on intelligence is most apparent among young children who experience

Accepted Answer

A)   stereotype threat.
B)   intellectual disability.
C)   intrinsic motivation.
D)   minimal interaction with caregivers.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Exam 31: A: Genetic and Environmental Influences on Intelligence

J. McVicker Hunt began a program of tutored human enrichment in an Iranian orphanage. This program trained caregivers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the heritability of intelligence within both group A and group B is 100 percent, differences in average intelligence between these groups might result from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

On which of the following tasks are men most likely to outperform women?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Self-fulfilling expectations are most likely to be triggered by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychologists would be likely to agree that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Support programs that suggest minority students cannot succeed without special academic help may unintentionally promote

Correct AnswerverifiedB

The distribution of intelligence test scores among ________ Americans is represented by the normal curve.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Intelligence tests are most likely to be considered culturally biased in terms of their

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Psychologists generally agree that intelligence test scores are ________ in terms of being sensitive to differences caused by cultural experiences and are ________ in terms of their predictive validity for different groups.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Twin and adoption studies are helpful for assessing the ________ of intelligence.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Blacks have been found to score lower on tests of verbal aptitude when tested by Whites than when tested by Blacks. This best illustrates the impact of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The heritability of intelligence among children of less-educated parents is relatively

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Experts who defend intelligence tests against accusations of racial bias note that racial differences in intelligence test scores

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Among entering American collegians, men are ________ likely than women to spend many hours playing video games. Playing action video games has been observed to ________ players' spatial abilities.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Males' reading ability scores vary ________ than females' scores and males' math test performance scores vary ________ than females' scores.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following observations provides the BEST evidence that intelligence test scores are influenced by environment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The similarity between intelligence scores of fraternal twins reared together is

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Students are most likely to develop a "growth mindset" that results in a focus on learning when they believe that intelligence is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

With increasing age, identical twins' intelligence test scores become ________ positively correlated. With increasing age, adoptive siblings' scores become ________ positively correlated.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The impact of early environmental influences on intelligence is most apparent among young children who experience

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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B

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Psychologists generally agree that intelligence test scores are in terms of being sensitive to differences caused by cultural experiences and are in terms of their predictive validity for different groups.

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B

Among entering American collegians, men are likely than women to spend many hours playing video games. Playing action video games has been observed to players' spatial abilities.

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Males' reading ability scores vary than females' scores and males' math test performance scores vary than females' scores.

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D

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With increasing age, identical twins' intelligence test scores become positively correlated. With increasing age, adoptive siblings' scores become positively correlated.

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