Question 1

In early pretending,toddlers use

Accepted Answer

A)  only realistic objects.
B)  imaginary objects and events.
C)  reflexive schemes.
D)  internal scripts for role playing.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 2

Preschoolers' first attempts to print often involve writing

Accepted Answer

A)  letters to their parents.
B)  fictional stories.
C)  a holiday or birthday wish list.
D)  their own name.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Many studies indicate that __________ strongly predicts preschoolers' grasp of false belief.

Accepted Answer

A)  magical thinking
B)  a strong novelty preference
C)  recognition memory
D)  language abilityE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

Follow-up research indicates that even though preschoolers have difficulty with Piagetian class inclusion tasks,they

Accepted Answer

A)  have complex category systems.
B)  organize their everyday knowledge into nested categories at an early age.
C)  are capable of abstract reasoning.
D)  cannot use logic or causal reasoning to form global categories.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 5

Fibers linking the __________ to the __________ grow and myelinate from birth through the preschool years,contributing to dramatic gains in motor coordination.

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebellum;cerebral cortex
B)  corpus callosum;synapses
C)  synapses;cerebellum
D)  cerebral cortex;corpus callosumE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Watching educational television programming like Sesame Street is associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  short-term benefits,such as getting higher grades in elementary school,but these effects tend to "wash out" by middle childhood.
B)  getting higher grades,reading more books,and placing more value on achievement in high school.
C)  above average IQ scores,advanced moral understanding,and resistance to peer pressure in adolescence.
D)  overweight and obesity,particularly for children who spend more than an hour a day watching educational television.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 7

General descriptions of what occurs and when it occurs in a particular situation are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  memory strategies.
B)  scripts.
C)  autobiographical memories.
D)  digit span tasks.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 8

_______ may profoundly affect handedness.

Accepted Answer

A)  Having a left-handed parent
B)  Prenatal events
C)  Typical right-facing fetal orientation
D)  Myelination in the hippocampusE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

_______ skills increase at an astonishing pace in early childhood,whereas ______ skills develop gradually over childhood and adolescence.

Accepted Answer

A)  Spatial;mathematical
B)  Drawing;language
C)  Mechanical;decoding
D)  Language;spatialE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 10

According to Vygotsky,private speech during the preschool years

Accepted Answer

A)  reflects young children's egocentrism.
B)  is not nearly as important as Piaget thought.
C)  is externalized with age.
D)  helps young children guide their behavior during challenging tasks.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

Children first represent objects and events on paper by

Accepted Answer

A)  drawing only the boundaries of objects.
B)  labeling recognizable shapes in their scribbles.
C)  making gestures that leave marks.
D)  drawing stick figures.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

Discuss how adults can support language development in early childhood.

Accepted Answer

Sensitive,caring adults can use techniqu...

Question 13

In child-centered preschool programs,teachers

Accepted Answer

A)  structure children's learning.
B)  often use repetition and drill.
C)  provide a variety of activities from which children select.
D)  encourage children to fend for themselves.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 14

Contemporary researchers believe that make-believe play

Accepted Answer

A)  is not nearly as important as Piaget thought.
B)  not only reflects,but also contributes to,children's cognitive and social skills.
C)  is less important than drawing or building with blocks.
D)  is mere practice of representational schemes.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

__________,often caused by unsafe water and contaminated foods,leads to nearly 2 million childhood deaths each year.

Accepted Answer

A)  Diarrhea
B)  Scurvy
C)  Rubella
D)  TuberculosisE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 16

For most children,the left cerebral hemisphere

Accepted Answer

A)  is especially active between 3 and 6 years and then levels off.
B)  shows slow activity throughout early and middle childhood.
C)  shows a slight growth spurt between ages 8 and 10.
D)  peaks between 1 and 3 years and decreases slowly throughout middle childhood and adolescence.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

___________ contribute(s) to the decline of magical beliefs.

Accepted Answer

A)  Familiarity with physical events and principles
B)  Access to formal education
C)  Development of abstract thinking
D)  Language and reading abilityE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 18

Children's active efforts to construct literacy knowledge through informal experiences are called

Accepted Answer

A)  emergent literacy.
B)  phonological speech.
C)  private speech.
D)  interactive literacy.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 19

According to Vygotsky,a parent engages in _______ when he adjusts the support offered to the child during a teaching session to fit the child's current level of performance.

Accepted Answer

A)  transitive inference
B)  dual representation
C)  proximal teaching
D)  scaffoldingE) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 20

Piaget's conservation-of-liquid task demonstrates that preoperational children's thinking is characterized by __________ in that they focus on one aspect of a situation,neglecting other important features.

Accepted Answer

A)  dynamic transformation
B)  centration
C)  hierarchical classification
D)  irreversibilityE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Exam 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Contemporary researchers believe that make-believe play

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In early pretending,toddlers use

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Piaget's conservation-of-liquid task demonstrates that preoperational children's thinking is characterized by __________ in that they focus on one aspect of a situation,neglecting other important features.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fibers linking the __________ to the __________ grow and myelinate from birth through the preschool years,contributing to dramatic gains in motor coordination.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_______ may profoundly affect handedness.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Children's active efforts to construct literacy knowledge through informal experiences are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

General descriptions of what occurs and when it occurs in a particular situation are known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Children first represent objects and events on paper by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Follow-up research indicates that even though preschoolers have difficulty with Piagetian class inclusion tasks,they

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

For most children,the left cerebral hemisphere

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Vygotsky,private speech during the preschool years

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Watching educational television programming like Sesame Street is associated with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many studies indicate that __________ strongly predicts preschoolers' grasp of false belief.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In child-centered preschool programs,teachers

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss how adults can support language development in early childhood.

Correct AnswerverifiedSensitive,caring adults can use techniqu...View AnswerShow Answer

Preschoolers' first attempts to print often involve writing

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_______ skills increase at an astonishing pace in early childhood,whereas ______ skills develop gradually over childhood and adolescence.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Vygotsky,a parent engages in _______ when he adjusts the support offered to the child during a teaching session to fit the child's current level of performance.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

___________ contribute(s) to the decline of magical beliefs.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

__________,often caused by unsafe water and contaminated foods,leads to nearly 2 million childhood deaths each year.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Fibers linking the to the grow and myelinate from birth through the preschool years,contributing to dramatic gains in motor coordination.

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Sensitive,caring adults can use techniqu...
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_ skills increase at an astonishing pace in early childhood,whereas skills develop gradually over childhood and adolescence.

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