Question 1

Which of the following explains why young children have unrealistically positive self-descriptions?

Accepted Answer

A)   They don't yet distinguish between their desired and actual competence.
B)   They don't compare their own abilities with others.
C)   They don't distinguish their real self from their ideal self.
D)   All of these answers are correct.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

Identify and describe the seventh stage of Erikson's psychosocial life-span development perspective.

Accepted Answer

Generativity versus stagnation is the st...

Question 3

Which of the following statements is NOT supported by research findings? Low self-esteem is

Accepted Answer

A)   correlated with perceived negative physical appearance.
B)   correlated with depression and lack of happiness.
C)   strongly correlated with adult job performance.
D)   correlated with poor mental and physical health in later life.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D) C

Question 4

Define perspective taking, and explain its relationship to social acceptance in children.

Accepted Answer

Perspective taking is the ability to ass...

Question 5

Describe the two dimensions of individuality and the two dimensions of connectedness.

Accepted Answer

Dimensions of individuality:
1. self-ass...

Question 6

Name five identity components.

Accepted Answer

1. vocational/career
2. politi...

Question 7

Kelsy dreams of becoming a singing star one day because she considers herself to be highly talented. Kelsy is considering her

Accepted Answer

A)   fluctuating self.
B)   real self.
C)   contradictions within the self.
D)   possible self.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

As individuals get older, they describe _____ possible selves and portray them in more _____ ways.

Accepted Answer

A)   more; abstract
B)   fewer; concrete
C)   fewer; abstract
D)   more; concreteE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 9

Being attentive and positive toward one's image in a mirror appears as early as _____ month(s)  old.

Accepted Answer

A)   1
B)   3
C)   6
D)   12E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 10

The Big Five factor of agreeableness is positively correlated with

Accepted Answer

A)   superior cognitive functioning.
B)   academic success.
C)   satisfying romantic relationships.
D)   viewing oneself more positively.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 11

The Big Five factors theory of personality is the view that personality is made up of

Accepted Answer

A)   drama, humor, fear, intelligence, and friendship.
B)   biological predisposition, environmental influences, personal preferences, cognitive abilities, and social likeability.
C)   openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism.
D)   experiences, innate qualities, learned behaviors, reactions/actions, and expectations.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C) C

Question 12

List three of the four identity statuses presented by James Marcia.

Accepted Answer

1. identity diffusion
2. identity foreclosure
3. identity moratorium
4. identity achievement

Question 13

What is the "MAMA" cycle?

Accepted Answer

The "MAMA" cycle can occur among those w...

Question 14

Which of the following is a finding of Helson's Mills College study?

Accepted Answer

A)   Women in their 40s experience many of the same concerns that Levinson found about men in midlife.
B)   The concerns women feel in midlife show a drastic contrast to what Levinson found about men in midlife.
C)   Women who are family-oriented, career-oriented, and those who follow neither path change in the same way throughout adulthood.
D)   Women who are family-oriented and career-oriented changed much less than those who follow neither path.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 15

What did Levinson conclude about females in midlife transition?

Accepted Answer

A)   Females have significantly less distress during this process.
B)   Females face the midlife transition earlier and with greater difficulty than males.
C)   Females who had children had an easier time than those who did not.
D)   Like males, females also experience the stages, transitions and crisis of middle age.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 16

List three ways to improve self-esteem.

Accepted Answer

1. Identify the causes of low-self-estee...

Question 17

Thora loves to paint but realizes her fine-motor movement is not what it used to be. She now paints in the morning when she experiences fewer tremors and makes sure to go slowly when working on her projects. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   selection.
B)   optimization.
C)   compensation.
D)   assimilation.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 18

Leigh understands that she upset her brother when she lost his favorite ball and wants to replace it to make him happy. Leigh is displaying

Accepted Answer

A)   self-understanding.
B)   perspective taking.
C)   social comparison.
D)   contradictions within the self.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 19

Yves had a tumultuous adolescence. As a young adult, he isolates himself from his peers and family. According to Erikson, Yves emerged from his adolescent crisis with

Accepted Answer

A)   identity confusion.
B)   identity formation.
C)   identity crisis.
D)   identity isolation.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 20

In contrast to Erikson's belief about identity formation, contemporary theorists believe that identity is formed

Accepted Answer

A)   in a gradual process of discovery that occurs across the lifespan.
B)   after an individual leaves home.
C)   by resolving a series of crises that emerge during adolescent development.
D)   long before adolescence.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Exam 11: The Self, Identity, and Personality

Which of the following explains why young children have unrealistically positive self-descriptions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify and describe the seventh stage of Erikson's psychosocial life-span development perspective.

Correct AnswerverifiedGenerativity versus stagnation is the st...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following statements is NOT supported by research findings? Low self-esteem is

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Define perspective taking, and explain its relationship to social acceptance in children.

Correct AnswerverifiedPerspective taking is the ability to ass...View AnswerShow Answer

Describe the two dimensions of individuality and the two dimensions of connectedness.

Correct AnswerverifiedDimensions of individuality:1. self-ass...View AnswerShow Answer

Name five identity components.

Correct Answerverified1. vocational/career2. politi...View AnswerShow Answer

Kelsy dreams of becoming a singing star one day because she considers herself to be highly talented. Kelsy is considering her

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As individuals get older, they describe _____ possible selves and portray them in more _____ ways.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Being attentive and positive toward one's image in a mirror appears as early as _____ month(s) old.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Big Five factor of agreeableness is positively correlated with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Big Five factors theory of personality is the view that personality is made up of

Correct AnswerverifiedC

List three of the four identity statuses presented by James Marcia.

Correct Answerverified1. identity diffusion 2. identity foreclosure 3. identity moratorium 4. identity achievement

What is the "MAMA" cycle?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe "MAMA" cycle can occur among those w...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following is a finding of Helson's Mills College study?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What did Levinson conclude about females in midlife transition?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

List three ways to improve self-esteem.

Correct Answerverified1. Identify the causes of low-self-estee...View AnswerShow Answer

Thora loves to paint but realizes her fine-motor movement is not what it used to be. She now paints in the morning when she experiences fewer tremors and makes sure to go slowly when working on her projects. This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Leigh understands that she upset her brother when she lost his favorite ball and wants to replace it to make him happy. Leigh is displaying

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Yves had a tumultuous adolescence. As a young adult, he isolates himself from his peers and family. According to Erikson, Yves emerged from his adolescent crisis with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In contrast to Erikson's belief about identity formation, contemporary theorists believe that identity is formed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Generativity versus stagnation is the st...
View Answer

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C

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Perspective taking is the ability to ass...
View Answer

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Dimensions of individuality:
1. self-ass...
View Answer

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1. vocational/career
2. politi...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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As individuals get older, they describe _ possible selves and portray them in more _ ways.

Correct Answer
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C

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1. identity diffusion 2. identity foreclosure 3. identity moratorium 4. identity achievement

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The "MAMA" cycle can occur among those w...
View Answer

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1. Identify the causes of low-self-estee...
View Answer

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