Question 1

Which affects osteoblast and osteoclast activity

Accepted Answer

A)  Gravity
B)  Mechanical stress
C)  Calcitonin and parathyroid hormone levels
D)  Blood calcium level
E)  All of the choices are correct.F) B) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 2

The zones found in an epiphyseal plate are
A: Calcified cartilage
B: Hypertrophic cartilage
C: Ossification
D: Resting cartilage
E: Proliferating cartilage
The correct order for these zones,beginning with the edge closest to the epiphysis and proceeding toward the diaphysis,is

Accepted Answer

A)  c - a - b - e - d
B)  d - b - e - a - c
C)  e - d - a - c - b
D)  c - d - e - a - b
E)  d - e - b - a - cF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 3

In the kidneys,parathyroid hormone acts to ________ production of calcitriol and to ________ excretion of calcium in urine.

Accepted Answer

A)  increase;increase
B)  increase;decrease
C)  decrease;decrease
D)  decrease;increaseE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 4

As the bone matrix calcifies and the secreting cells become walled in,

Accepted Answer

A)  osteoblasts become osteocytes.
B)  osteogenic progenitors become osteoclasts.
C)  osteoblasts become osteoclasts.
D)  osteoclasts become osteocytes.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

Before beginning orthodontic treatment,a patient may have her wrist and hand x-rayed to determine her stage of growth.What feature of the long bones will the orthodontist use to assess this

Accepted Answer

A)  Osteon
B)  Periosteum
C)  Spongy bone
D)  Epiphyseal plate
E)  Compact boneF) B) and E)
G) A) and E) D

Question 6

During the process of endochondral ossification,chondrocytes in the cartilage model die.Why does this occur

Accepted Answer

A)  Blood supply to the cartilage is cut off by the developing periosteum.
B)  Canaliculi connecting adjacent chondrocyte lacunae fuse.
C)  Nutrients cannot diffuse to the chondrocytes through the calcified matrix.
D)  The developing bone collar secretes enzymes that destroy the chondrocytes.
E)  Phagocytic osteoclasts in the new bone engulf and destroy the chondrocytes.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 7

What are the matrix rings of compact bone that surround the central canal of each osteon

Accepted Answer

A)  Canaliculi
B)  Concentric lamellae
C)  Circumferential lamellae
D)  Perforating canals
E)  Interstitial lamellaeF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 8

Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells;osteoclasts are bone-dissolving cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 9

An osteoclast has a ruffled border and multiple nuclei.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

In adults,the medullary cavities of most long bones contain red marrow.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Bone growth in which the bone increases in diameter is called

Accepted Answer

A)  interstitial growth.
B)  epiphyseal growth.
C)  appositional growth.
D)  endosteal growth.
E)  cancellous bone growth.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 12

What helps bone resist compression

Accepted Answer

A)  Yellow bone marrow
B)  Reticular fibers
C)  Inorganic salts
D)  Red bone marrow
E)  EndosteumF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 13

Mechanical stress of bones,such as that caused by weight lifting,is detected by

Accepted Answer

A)  osteocytes,which then communicate to osteoblasts to increase synthesis of osteoid.
B)  osteoclasts,which then communicate to osteocytes to increase the size of lacunae.
C)  chondrocytes,which then trigger osteoblasts to increase bone in a lengthwise fashion.
D)  osteoblasts,which then communicate to osteocytes and osteoclasts to deposit more hydroxyapatite.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

When during human development does the process of ossification begin

Accepted Answer

A)  12 weeks after birth
B)  12th-13th week of embryonic development
C)  8th-9th month of fetal development
D)  3-4 months of age
E)  10-25 years of ageF) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 15

The shaft of a long bone is called the _________.

Accepted Answer

diaphysis

Question 16

Which hormone inhibits bone growth

Accepted Answer

A)  Calcitonin
B)  Estrogen and testosterone
C)  Thyroid hormone
D)  Parathyroid hormone
E)  Growth hormoneF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 17

Spongy bone makes up less than half of total bone mass,and is located internal to compact bone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which is a change in bone architecture or mass related to aging

Accepted Answer

A)  Insufficient calcification
B)  Demineralization
C)  Reduction in the organic content of the matrix
D)  Loss of flexibility and increase in brittleness
E)  All of the choices are correct.F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 19

Which is an alternate term for compact bone

Accepted Answer

A)  Cancellous bone
B)  Trabecular bone
C)  Spongy bone
D)  Diploe
E)  Cortical boneF) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 20

Which is not true about bone remodeling

Accepted Answer

A)  It occurs throughout life.
B)  It assists in the maintenance of calcium and phosphate levels in the body.
C)  It occurs at both the endosteal and periosteal surfaces of the bone.
D)  It occurs only at articular surfaces.
E)  It can occur in response to stress on a bone.F) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

Exam 7: Skeletal System: Bone Structure and Function

Which affects osteoblast and osteoclast activity

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The zones found in an epiphyseal plate are A: Calcified cartilage B: Hypertrophic cartilage C: Ossification D: Resting cartilage E: Proliferating cartilage The correct order for these zones,beginning with the edge closest to the epiphysis and proceeding toward the diaphysis,is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the kidneys,parathyroid hormone acts to ________ production of calcitriol and to ________ excretion of calcium in urine.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As the bone matrix calcifies and the secreting cells become walled in,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Before beginning orthodontic treatment,a patient may have her wrist and hand x-rayed to determine her stage of growth.What feature of the long bones will the orthodontist use to assess this

Correct AnswerverifiedD

During the process of endochondral ossification,chondrocytes in the cartilage model die.Why does this occur

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the matrix rings of compact bone that surround the central canal of each osteon

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells;osteoclasts are bone-dissolving cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

An osteoclast has a ruffled border and multiple nuclei.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In adults,the medullary cavities of most long bones contain red marrow.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bone growth in which the bone increases in diameter is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What helps bone resist compression

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mechanical stress of bones,such as that caused by weight lifting,is detected by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When during human development does the process of ossification begin

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The shaft of a long bone is called the _________.

Correct Answerverifieddiaphysis

Which hormone inhibits bone growth

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Spongy bone makes up less than half of total bone mass,and is located internal to compact bone.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is a change in bone architecture or mass related to aging

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is an alternate term for compact bone

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is not true about bone remodeling

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

In the kidneys,parathyroid hormone acts to production of calcitriol and to excretion of calcium in urine.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
D

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
True

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
diaphysis

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified