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Exam 7: Thinking Language,and Intelegance

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Question 121

Multiple Choice

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_____ is formally defined as the mental activities involved inacquiring, retaining, and using knowledge, including memory and perception.

A) Thinking
B) Motivation
C) Cognition
D) Problem solving

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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Question 122

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Alfred Binet believed that intelligence was too complex to describe with a single number, and that performance on his tests of mental ability could be affected by many factors,including motivation.

A) True
B) False

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Question 123

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In Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence, analytic intelligence refers to the mental processes used in learning how to solve problems.

One important property of language is displacement, meaning that speakers can generate an infinite number of new and different phrases and sentences.

Heritability refers to the percentage of variation, within a given population, that is due to heredity.

When Jean-Claude came back from skiing he wanted to brewa cup of coffee. Because he was out of coffee filters, he settled for tea. Jean-Claude's failure to realize he could use a paper towel as a coffee filter best illustrates:

Which of the following BEST defines a formal concept?

When we form a concept by learning the rules or features that define a particular concept, it is called a(n) _____ concept.

Reliability refers to the ability of a test to produce consistent results when administered on repeated occasions under similar conditions.

Cognition refers to the mental activities involved in acquiring,retaining, and using knowledge.

People from some cultural backgrounds may use different problem-solving strategies than those that are required for solving problems on standardized intelligence tests.

In early childhood, there are no significant differences between Asian children and European American children on intelligence tests, but by middle school Asian children tend toscore higher than European American children on intelligence and achievement tests.

Generally, a test is considered reliable if it produces a normal distribution of scores and measures what it is intended to measure.

Kosslyn and his colleagues (1978) found that the amount of time it took subjects to scan a mental image of a map of afictitious island was not affected by the distances on the island that they had to scan.

About 68 percent of people who take the WAIS-III intelligence test will score between 85 and 115.

A problem-solving strategy that involves following a specificrule, procedure, or method, that inevitably produces the correct solution is referred to as a heuristic.

Kyle is trying to decide which brand of diapers he should buy for his newborn daughter. Each of the brands has its own unique features that make it seem better than the others. Some have extra padding so that it retains more fluid. Another hasspecial elastic bands around the legs to prevent leakage. Still others have fancy Velcro fasteners. Finally, confused over allof the features, Kyle buys the brand that he recognizes from commercials. What decision-making strategy did Kyle use?

Derek learns that his apartment building has been sold and that he needs to move by the end of the month. He develops the following plan of action: (1) look for a new apartment; (2) arrange for utilities; (3) contact a moving company andschedule the move; (4) start collecting empty boxes; (5) packnonessential items first; and so forth. What kind of problem-solving strategy is Derek using to solve the problem of movingbefore the end of the month?

Howard Gardner used the "two pots" analogy to help explainthe relationship between cultural values, the development of agriculture, and the evolution of linguistic and analytical intelligence.

When Binet developed the first intelligence test he believed that: