Question 1

Can nonhuman primates learn language? Provide a brief description of research conducted in this area and what the general results have been. Discuss three differences between human and nonhuman communicators.

Accepted Answer

No animals other than humans naturally d...

Question 2

The average 5-year-old child is _____ the average college student at the basic grammatical structure of his or her native language.

Accepted Answer

A)   much less competent than
B)   slightly less competent than
C)   as competent as
D)   more competent thanE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 3

Infants generally begin to associate words with their referents

Accepted Answer

A)   at 3 months of age.
B)   at 12 months of age.
C)   well before they can produce any words.
D)   with explicit instruction by their caregivers.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

Imagine that a young child is presented with a novel word, "teddy," when her uncle says, "What a sweet teddy." In front of the child are two objects, a teddy bear-"bear" is a word the child already knows-and a can opener, an object the child has never seen before. The child makes the assumption that the novel word refers to the can opener through an expectation referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)   the mutual exclusivity assumption.
B)   fast mapping.
C)   the whole-object assumption.
D)   cross-situational word learning.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 5

The length of time between when air passes through the lips and when the vocal cords start vibrating is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)   prosody.
B)   voice onset time.
C)   categorical perception.
D)   word segmentation.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 6

In the English language, syntactic development involves learning the difference between

Accepted Answer

A)   "tree" and "grass."
B)   "tree" and "trees."
C)   "The tree is growing in the grass" and "The grass is growing in the tree."
D)   "The bees are in the tree" and "The bees are in the grass."E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

Infants' sensitivity to the distributional properties of the speech they hear helps them

Accepted Answer

A)   pick words out of speech streams.
B)   differentiate between speech sounds and nonspeech sounds.
C)   pay more attention to their mothers' speech than to other people's speech.
D)   attend to paternal speech patterns.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 8

Baby Josie has just begun babbling. Describe the different characteristics of babbling that she is demonstrating.

Accepted Answer

Babbling, which begins between 6 and 10 ...

Question 9

David is drawing a picture of a house. Which skill is NOT necessary for him to have in order to draw a house?

Accepted Answer

A)   the ability to symbolize
B)   planning
C)   spatial coordination
D)   gross motor skillsE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 10

Define and provide two examples of (a) overextension and (b) overregularization. For each type of error, describe what a child's errors of this type tell us about her language development.

Accepted Answer

(a) Overextension is using a word in a b...

Question 11

Kayla is talking to her infant daughter. Based on what you know about IDS, you can expect Kayla to do all of these EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   use slower speech.
B)   enhance the clarity of vowel sounds.
C)   show less pitch variability.
D)   use exaggerated facial expressions.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 12

In regard to their ability to learn language, nonhuman primates

Accepted Answer

A)   have essentially no ability to learn how to use words to communicate.
B)   can learn vocabulary and symbol combinations, but the communicative system they can acquire is not generally considered to be a language.
C)   naturally use language to communicate with other members of their species, although their languages are not as complex as human languages.
D)   do not have the vocal apparatus for producing speech, but when they are taught a sign language, they are able to learn a complex language.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 13

When preschool children were shown a picture of a catlike animal and an experimenter either simply labeled the animal "dog" (group A)  or said, "You're not going to believe this, but this is actually a dog" (group B) , how likely were the children to extend the word to other catlike stimuli?

Accepted Answer

A)   Both groups of children readily extended the word.
B)   Both groups of children were similarly reluctant to extend the word.
C)   Group A was more reluctant than was group B to extend the word.
D)   Group B was more reluctant than was group A to extend the word.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 14

Of these phrases, which is LEAST likely to be spoken by a child in the telegraphic speech phase?

Accepted Answer

A)   "more cup"
B)   "a dog"
C)   "up me"
D)   "baby sleep"E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 15

When caregivers follow the baby's lead, looking at and commenting on whatever the infant is looking at, _____ has occurred.

Accepted Answer

A)   judgement
B)   orientation
C)   joint attention
D)   prosodyE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

The number of words children know is NOT related to

Accepted Answer

A)   the number of words that they hear.
B)   their caregivers' vocabularies.
C)   their socioeconomic status.
D)   their genetic predisposition to acquire language.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Samantha is experiencing a "vocabulary spurt." How old is she likely to be?

Accepted Answer

A)   6 months
B)   12 months
C)   18 months
D)   24 monthsE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Which statement is evidence of general learning mechanisms that underlie all learning?

Accepted Answer

A)   Distributional learning helps infants track sequences of human actions.
B)   First words are similar across cultures.
C)   Children with no exposure to language have been observed to develop their own language.
D)   Identical twins develop their own language to communicate with each other.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 19

Which phrase is an example of overregularization?

Accepted Answer

A)   referring to all four-legged animals as "doggie"
B)   calling a rabbit "wabbit"
C)   using the word "gooses"
D)   using the word "elbow" to refer to a kneeE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

The distinctive mode of speech used when speaking to infants and toddlers is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)   infant-directed speech.
B)   prosody.
C)   pragmatics.
D)   syntax.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Exam 6: Development of Language and Symbol Use

Infants' sensitivity to the distributional properties of the speech they hear helps them

Correct Answer
verified

The number of words children know is NOT related to

Correct Answer
verified

The length of time between when air passes through the lips and when the vocal cords start vibrating is referred to as

Correct Answer
verified

Which phrase is an example of overregularization?

Correct Answer
verified

Kayla is talking to her infant daughter. Based on what you know about IDS, you can expect Kayla to do all of these EXCEPT

Correct Answer
verified

When preschool children were shown a picture of a catlike animal and an experimenter either simply labeled the animal "dog" (group A) or said, "You're not going to believe this, but this is actually a dog" (group B) , how likely were the children to extend the word to other catlike stimuli?

Correct Answer
verified

Samantha is experiencing a "vocabulary spurt." How old is she likely to be?

Correct Answer
verified

Of these phrases, which is LEAST likely to be spoken by a child in the telegraphic speech phase?

Correct Answer
verified

Which statement is evidence of general learning mechanisms that underlie all learning?

Correct Answer
verified

Infants generally begin to associate words with their referents

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

In the English language, syntactic development involves learning the difference between

Correct Answer
verified

In regard to their ability to learn language, nonhuman primates

Correct Answer
verified

Can nonhuman primates learn language? Provide a brief description of research conducted in this area and what the general results have been. Discuss three differences between human and nonhuman communicators.

Correct Answer
verified
No animals other than humans naturally d...
View Answer

Define and provide two examples of (a) overextension and (b) overregularization. For each type of error, describe what a child's errors of this type tell us about her language development.

Correct Answer
verified
(a) Overextension is using a word in a b...
View Answer

David is drawing a picture of a house. Which skill is NOT necessary for him to have in order to draw a house?

Correct Answer
verified

Baby Josie has just begun babbling. Describe the different characteristics of babbling that she is demonstrating.

Correct Answer
verified
Babbling, which begins between 6 and 10 ...
View Answer

The distinctive mode of speech used when speaking to infants and toddlers is referred to as

Correct Answer
verified

The average 5-year-old child is _____ the average college student at the basic grammatical structure of his or her native language.

Correct Answer
verified

When caregivers follow the baby's lead, looking at and commenting on whatever the infant is looking at, _____ has occurred.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 6: Development of Language and Symbol Use

Infants' sensitivity to the distributional properties of the speech they hear helps them

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The number of words children know is NOT related to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The length of time between when air passes through the lips and when the vocal cords start vibrating is referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which phrase is an example of overregularization?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Kayla is talking to her infant daughter. Based on what you know about IDS, you can expect Kayla to do all of these EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When preschool children were shown a picture of a catlike animal and an experimenter either simply labeled the animal "dog" (group A) or said, "You're not going to believe this, but this is actually a dog" (group B) , how likely were the children to extend the word to other catlike stimuli?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Samantha is experiencing a "vocabulary spurt." How old is she likely to be?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Of these phrases, which is LEAST likely to be spoken by a child in the telegraphic speech phase?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement is evidence of general learning mechanisms that underlie all learning?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Infants generally begin to associate words with their referents

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the English language, syntactic development involves learning the difference between

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In regard to their ability to learn language, nonhuman primates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Can nonhuman primates learn language? Provide a brief description of research conducted in this area and what the general results have been. Discuss three differences between human and nonhuman communicators.

Correct AnswerverifiedNo animals other than humans naturally d...View AnswerShow Answer

Define and provide two examples of (a) overextension and (b) overregularization. For each type of error, describe what a child's errors of this type tell us about her language development.

Correct Answerverified(a) Overextension is using a word in a b...View AnswerShow Answer

David is drawing a picture of a house. Which skill is NOT necessary for him to have in order to draw a house?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Baby Josie has just begun babbling. Describe the different characteristics of babbling that she is demonstrating.

Correct AnswerverifiedBabbling, which begins between 6 and 10 ...View AnswerShow Answer

The distinctive mode of speech used when speaking to infants and toddlers is referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The average 5-year-old child is _____ the average college student at the basic grammatical structure of his or her native language.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When caregivers follow the baby's lead, looking at and commenting on whatever the infant is looking at, _____ has occurred.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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No animals other than humans naturally d...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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(a) Overextension is using a word in a b...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Babbling, which begins between 6 and 10 ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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