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Core Conflictual Relationship Themes


A) Occur in childhood but resolve by adulthood
B) Develop from early experiences with key individuals
C) Develop upon physical maturation in late teen years
D) Are recurring relationship patterns that we take into adulthood

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Why do some followers resort to a defensive process known as "identification with the aggressor"?


A) They are confronted with a superior force
B) In response to an aggressive leader
C) Other followers impersonate the leader
D) There is inter-group conflict

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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In Bion's dependency assumption, when people assume that the leader should offer similar protection to that provided by parents in early years, this assumption is based on


A) Conscious thought
B) Conscious action
C) Unconscious thought
D) Unconscious action

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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When we use the "splitting" social defense mechanism, we are seeing our own shortcomings in others.

A) True
B) False

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The dynamics of human behavior


A) Are often difficult to understand
B) Are easy to understand
C) Are similar to skills dynamics
D) Are related to the Big Five personality profiles

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following is not one of Bion's three basic assumptions in groups?


A) Dependency
B) Interdependency
C) Fight-flight
D) Pairing

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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Psychodynamic approach focuses primarily on the leader's personality and leadership style, while broader systemic organizational issues remain in the background. This is


A) Not an accurate description of the approach
B) Good, because leader personality is critical to team success
C) A strength of the approach
D) A criticism of the approach

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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The intra- and interpersonal process paradigm says we are products of our past experiences.

A) True
B) False

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Which premise of the clinical paradigm describes how emotions are related to life experiences and can have both positive and negative connotations that affect the choices we make?


A) Mental life lies outside of conscious awareness
B) Human development is an intra- and interpersonal process
C) There is rationale behind every act
D) How we regulate and express emotions is central to a person's identity

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following is not one of the four premises of the clinical paradigm?


A) There is irrationality behind every act
B) Regulating emotions is less important than regulating actions
C) Much of mental life lies outside of conscious awareness
D) We are products of interpersonal experiences

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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Regulation and expression of emotions is the clinical paradigm premise that forms the basis for the internalization of mental representations of how we interact with others.

A) True
B) False

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Much of the psychodynamic approach research and concepts discuss leadership in groups or organizations. How does the information in the Focus on the Leader-Follower Relationships directly or more indirectly relate to concepts in the Leader-Member Exchange approach?

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When some leaders encourage the fight-fl...

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The origins of the psychodynamic paradigm stem from which scholar's work?


A) Fromm
B) Freud
C) Maccoby
D) Jung

E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

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It is the undercurrents of human behavior that psychodynamic approach attempts to understand.

A) True
B) False

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Groups subject to the dependency assumption are united by which of the following?


A) Feelings of sadness
B) Feelings of helplessness
C) Fear of the outside world
D) Wanting to flee the situation

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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The history of the psychodynamic approach provides context for the study of leadership by


A) Empirically testing emotional responses to follower actions
B) Providing a chronology of the dynamics and functioning of leaders and organizations
C) Informing leaders about their psychological dysfunctions
D) Studying in the chronology of wartime abuses of power

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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The key concepts within the psychodynamic approach each provide a way of looking at the hidden dynamics of organizational behavior in order to


A) Decipher the behaviors that lead to positive leadership
B) Decipher the emotional impact of leaders on their followers
C) Decipher the knowledge acquisition necessary for top leader performance
D) Decipher the motives for why people behave the way they do

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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The two sides of narcissism are


A) Constructive and destructive
B) Reactive and destructive
C) Reactive and dependent
D) Constructive and reactive

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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When some leaders encourage the fight-flight assumption and use in-group/out-group division for motivation and to reinforce the group's identity they are misrepresenting the main premise of which leadership approach?


A) Situational
B) Behavioral
C) Trait
D) LMX

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following are transferential processes?


A) Mirroring
B) Dependency
C) Identification
D) Idealizing

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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