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Which of the following is not true regarding the just world hypothesis?


A) The concept posits that people deserve what comes to them.
B) It allows people to distinguish themselves from the identity of victimhood.
C) It implies that there are no true victims.
D) It leads to an increased support of rape myths.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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Researchers have suggested that which two theories should be combined to investigate victimization risks in general?


A) just world hypothesis and general strain theory
B) routine activities theory and lifestyle theory
C) lifestyle theory and feminist pathways perspective
D) general strain theory and routine activities theory

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Fear of crime can lead to all of the following except for


A) decreased self-worth.
B) decreased self-esteem.
C) increased anxiety.
D) increase sense of security.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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According to Mendelsohn, victims of random and unprecipitated crime are ______.


A) innocent victims
B) victims with minor guilt
C) natural victims
D) not victims at all

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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The feminist pathways perspective suggests ______.


A) a continuum of victimization
B) a cycle of victimization and offending
C) A life free of victimization increases the likelihood of offending.
D) Pathways do not exist for women.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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A victim who is more guilty than the offender is a victim who ______.


A) mistakenly believes he or she has been victimized
B) who is solely responsible for his or her own victimization
C) precipitates crime with carelessness
D) provokes or induces another to commit crime

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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The ______, holds that people get what they deserve, is a form of victim blaming.


A) real world hypothesis
B) just world hypothesis
C) ordinary world hypothesis
D) old world hypothesis

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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Ariel Castro pled guilty for all of the following rimes except for ______.


A) kidnapping
B) murder
C) rape
D) child endangerment

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Mendelsoh's "innocent victim" is defined as ______.


A) victim mistakenly believes he or she has been victimized
B) victim and offender are equally responsible for the crime
C) victim who provokes another to commit the crime
D) victim has no responsibility for the crime

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Mendelsoh's "victim who alone is guilty" is defined as ______.


A) victim mistakenly believes he or she has been victimized
B) victim and offender are equally responsible for the crime
C) victim who is solely responsible for his or her own victimization
D) victim has no responsibility for the crime

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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Mendelsoh's "imaginary victim" is defined as a______.


A) victim mistakenly believes he or she has been victimized
B) victim believes that he or she was victimized by a ghost
C) victim who provokes another to commit the crime
D) victim who is solely responsible for the crime

E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following cases was used as an example of the just world hypothesis?


A) Andrea Yates
B) Kobe Bryant
C) Damien Echols
D) Benjamin Mendelsohn

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following refers to the practices whereby the responsing of the crime is diffused from the offender and blame is shifted to the victim?


A) secondary victimization
B) overt traumatization
C) victim blaming
D) primary victimization

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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Victims of sexual assault and intimate partner violence tend to seek help from all of the following except ______.


A) police
B) family
C) mental health services
D) friends

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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______ networks act as a support system for victims to seek professional help and to make an official crime report.


A) Formal
B) Informal
C) Legal
D) Private

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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The media portray a distorted view of the criminal justice system.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Core rights of victims include ______.


A) right to attend criminal justice proceedings
B) right to apply for compensation
C) right to protection from intimidation and harassment
D) all of these are correct

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Which of the following border towns is notoriously known for femicide?


A) Tijuana
B) Ciudad Juarez
C) Nogales
D) Mexicali

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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