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Within the theory of planned behavior,how are attitudes determined?

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Attitudes are determined by the individual's belief that a certain behavior will have a given outcome,by evaluation of the actual outcome of the behavior,and a perception of his/her ability to control the behavior.

_____ is a formal process to impart knowledge to a group or individual to facilitate voluntary adoption of eating to improve or maintain health.


A) Motivational counseling
B) Nutrition counseling
C) Nutrition education
D) Social marketing

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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A strength of social cognitive theory is that it focuses on


A) target behaviors.
B) attitudes.
C) knowledge.
D) skills.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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An intervention is a health promotion activity aimed at changing the behavior of a target population.

A) True
B) False

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What are the stages in the stages of change model? Apply this theory to dieting for weight loss.

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The five stages in the stages of change ...

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Compare and contrast intentions and subjective norms as defined within the theory of planned behavior.

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Intentions are the "instructions people ...

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Albert Bandura is most frequently associated with the


A) diffusion of innovation model.
B) health belief model.
C) social cognitive theory.
D) stages of change model.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Within the social cognitive theory,approaching behavior change in small steps that enhance the person's self-confidence is an implication of the concept of


A) expectations.
B) observational learning.
C) reinforcements.
D) self-efficacy.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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D

When a counselor utilizes motivational interviewing,the promotion of self-efficacy


A) helps the counselor to listen with empathy.
B) empowers the client by encouraging hope and optimism.
C) is used only in the final stages of the intervention strategy.
D) is not widely utilized.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Self-efficacy is the determination to act in a certain way.

A) True
B) False

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False

The subjective norm is the perceived social pressure to perform or not perform a behavior.

A) True
B) False

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Use the following case scenario to answer short answer items. As a community nutritionist and a cancer survivor, you have been contacted by a local women's club to present a motivational and educational seminar on healthful eating for cancer prevention. -Select one of the theories or models presented in this chapter and apply it to your proposed seminar.

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Many of the theories and models presente...

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Within the social cognitive theory,responses to a person's behavior that increase or decrease the likelihood of recurrence are called


A) expectations.
B) observational learning.
C) reinforcements.
D) self-efficacy.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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Of the following,which one does not promote self-efficacy?


A) Health belief model
B) Diffusion of innovation model
C) Theory of trying
D) Motivational interviewing

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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The stages of change theory assumes that individuals will pass through each stage in a linear fashion.

A) True
B) False

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The process of testing and assessing certain elements of a program before it is implemented fully is called _____ evaluation.


A) outcome
B) input
C) formative
D) strategic

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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According to the diffusion of innovation theory,the stages that an individual passes through in adopting a new behavior include all of the following except


A) knowledge.
B) persuasion.
C) confirmation.
D) preparation.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Based on the health belief model,discuss three factors that influence an individual's intention to change a health behavior.

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Factors that might influence an individu...

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What is reciprocal determinism?

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Reciprocal determinism is the dynamic in...

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The transtheoretical model describes an individual's readiness for change.

A) True
B) False

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