Question 1

How is the kidney involved with normal bone ossification and development?

Accepted Answer

A)  Growth hormone is produced by the kidneys.
B)  Osteoblasts migrate from the kidney into the bone.
C)  Growth factors from the kidney direct the growth the epiphyseal cartilage plate in the bone.
D)  Injury to bone triggers a response in the kidney,which makes more rennin hormone.
E)  The kidney produces calcitriol.F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 2

The ________ is a capillary bed that parallels the nephron loop (loop of Henle) .

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerulus
B)  peritubular capillary bed
C)  afferent arteriolar bed
D)  collecting duct
E)  vasa rectaF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 3

Capillaries that surround the proximal convoluted tubules are

Accepted Answer

A)  proximal capillaries.
B)  corticoradiate capillaries.
C)  vasa recta capillaries.
D)  efferent arterioles.
E)  peritubular capillaries.F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 4

The following is a list of the blood vessels that carry blood to the kidney.In what order does blood pass through these vessels?
1)  afferent arteriole
2)  arcuate artery
3)  interlobar artery
4)  renal artery
5)  glomerulus
6)  cortical radiate artery
7)  efferent arteriole
8)  peritubular capillary

Accepted Answer

A)  4,6,2,3,1,5,7,8
B)  4,3,2,6,1,5,7,8
C)  4,3,2,6,7,5,1,8
D)  4,6,2,3,7,5,1,8
E)  4,3,6,2,1,5,7,8F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 5

Which of the following statements is false regarding micturition?

Accepted Answer

A)  When you relax the external urethral sphincter,the internal sphincter will relax.
B)  Urination will be completed despite voluntary opposition.
C)  Parasympathetic nervous control is involved with the micturition reflex.
D)  Stretch receptors in the bladder are stimulated by the warm temperature of the urine.
E)  Bladder contractions can force open the internal urethral sphincter.F) All of the above
G) None of the above

Question 6

Eighty percent of nephrons in the human kidney are located in the ________ and have short nephron loops.

Accepted Answer

A)  cortex
B)  medulla
C)  pyramids
D)  capsule
E)  pelvisF) C) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 7

The urinary system does all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  excreting excess albumin molecules.
B)  regulating blood volume.
C)  contributing to stabilizing blood pH.
D)  eliminating organic waste products.
E)  regulating plasma concentrations of electrolytes.F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 8

Changes that occur in the urinary system with aging include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  a decline in the number of functional nephrons.
B)  a reduction in the GFR (glomerular filtration rate) .
C)  increased sensitivity to ADH.
D)  problems with the micturition reflex.
E)  loss of sphincter muscle tone.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 9

Blood leaves the glomerulus through a blood vessel called the

Accepted Answer

A)  afferent arteriole.
B)  efferent arteriole.
C)  vasa recta.
D)  interlobular arteriole.
E)  renal vein.F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 10

Blood colloid osmotic pressure (BCOP) in the glomerulus is generated by

Accepted Answer

A)  blood pressure.
B)  presence of albumin proteins in blood plasma.
C)  constriction of the efferent arteriole.
D)  protein in the filtrate.
E)  filtrate in the capsular space.F) C) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 11

Urine is temporarily stored in the

Accepted Answer

A)  urethra.
B)  urinary bladder.
C)  kidney.
D)  ureter.
E)  trigone.F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 12

Renal columns are

Accepted Answer

A)  internal cavities lined by the fibrous capsule.
B)  expanded ends of the ureters.
C)  the basic functional units of the kidney.
D)  bundles of tissue that extend between pyramids from the cortex.
E)  conical structures that are located in the renal medulla.F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 13

The efferent arteriole of a nephron divides to form a network of capillaries within the cortex called the ________ capillaries.

Accepted Answer

A)  peritubular
B)  glomerular
C)  vasa recta
D)  cortical
E)  efferentF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 14

The prominent indentation on the medial surface of the kidney is the

Accepted Answer

A)  calyx.
B)  pelvis.
C)  ureter.
D)  hilum.
E)  pyramid.F) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 15

Functions of the urinary system include

Accepted Answer

A)  regulation of blood volume and blood pressure.
B)  regulation of plasma concentration of certain ions.
C)  helping to stabilize blood pH.
D)  conservation of valuable nutrients.
E)  All of the answers are correct.F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 16

The majority of glomeruli are located in the ________ of the kidney.

Accepted Answer

A)  vasa recta
B)  medulla
C)  cortex
D)  pelvis
E)  calycesF) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 17

A drug that inhibits angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) may lead to

Accepted Answer

A)  less secretion of aldosterone.
B)  increased urinary loss of sodium.
C)  reduction of blood pressure.
D)  decreased sodium reabsorption.
E)  All of the answers are correct.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 18

Why might a person take diuretics?

Accepted Answer

A)  to reduce body weight
B)  to reduce water retention
C)  to reduce blood pressure
D)  to treat congestive heart failure
E)  All the answers are correct.F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 19

Which of the following activities is not related to kidney function?

Accepted Answer

A)  control of hydrogen ion and pH in the blood
B)  control of wastes in the blood
C)  lipid digestion
D)  regulation of blood pressure
E)  maintenance of various blood ion concentrationsF) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 20

Basically,what occurs in the countercurrent multiplier process?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sodium is pumped into the blood while potassium is actively transported out of the blood back into the tissues.
B)  A higher sodium concentration is produced in the kidney medulla tissue that osmotically draws out water,reducing it within the tubules and the urine.
C)  Glucose and sodium are cotransported from urine back into blood.
D)  Creatinine is actively transported out of the blood into urine.
E)  Uric acid is excreted into the kidney tubules while urea is reabsorbed in the loops of Henle.F) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

Exam 26: The Urinary System

Which of the following activities is not related to kidney function?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Eighty percent of nephrons in the human kidney are located in the ________ and have short nephron loops.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why might a person take diuretics?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Basically,what occurs in the countercurrent multiplier process?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Urine is temporarily stored in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How is the kidney involved with normal bone ossification and development?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The urinary system does all of the following except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The following is a list of the blood vessels that carry blood to the kidney.In what order does blood pass through these vessels? 1) afferent arteriole 2) arcuate artery 3) interlobar artery 4) renal artery 5) glomerulus 6) cortical radiate artery 7) efferent arteriole 8) peritubular capillary

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Blood leaves the glomerulus through a blood vessel called the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Changes that occur in the urinary system with aging include all of the following except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is false regarding micturition?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Functions of the urinary system include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ________ is a capillary bed that parallels the nephron loop (loop of Henle) .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Blood colloid osmotic pressure (BCOP) in the glomerulus is generated by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The efferent arteriole of a nephron divides to form a network of capillaries within the cortex called the ________ capillaries.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Renal columns are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The prominent indentation on the medial surface of the kidney is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A drug that inhibits angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) may lead to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The majority of glomeruli are located in the ________ of the kidney.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Capillaries that surround the proximal convoluted tubules are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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