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Exam 17: The Evolution of Plant and Fungal Diversity

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Question 41

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A maple tree's seeds occur in pairs that are enclosed and attached to flat "wings" that are made of a papery tissue. The wings' shape allows them to spin in the air as they fall from the tree; this unusual motion has earned them the nickname "helicopter seeds." Maple tree seeds are most successful when they are dispersed by ________.

A) wind
B) water
C) animal feces
D) bird feces

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Question 42

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After reading the statement below, answer the questions that follow. A leaf with a higher density of stomata can take up more CO₂ and release more water than a leaf with a lower density of stomata. -Consider two plant types: 1. Plants that grow in arid (dry) environments 2) Plants that grow in moist (e.g., wetland) environments Which plant would you expect to have more stomata, and why?

A) the first type, because plants in arid environments need to release as much water as possible
B) the first type, because plants in arid environments need to conserve as much water as possible
C) the second type, because plants in moist environments need to conserve as much water as possible
D) The two types should have equal numbers of stomata, because they both need to maintain the same water balance in their cells.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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Question 43

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The intimate, mutually beneficial association formed between a fungus and the root of a plant is called a

If fungi of the genus Cordyceps are ingested by insects, fruiting bodies will form and erupt through the bodies of the insects. Cordyceps are an example of

A growth-producing region of cell division, known as a/an ________, is found near the tips of stems and roots.

It is difficult to tell if a mushroom sticking out of the ground is a living, reproducing organism. Which of the following would be the best evidence to demonstrate that mushrooms are living, reproducing organisms?

The main causes of the loss of plant biodiversity include

Which of the following represents the male gametophyte of a conifer?

After reading the paragraph below, answer the questions that follow. Crop plants can have higher densities of stomata on the underside of their leaves than on the surfaces of their leaves. Some scientists hypothesize that that the evolution of this adaptation enhanced the ability of these plants to regulate the rate of CO₂ uptake for each surface. -Suppose you wanted to test this hypothesis using sunflower plants. Which of the following would be the best procedure regarding the groups you use in your experiment?

The heterokaryotic phase of a fungal life cycle is

Mycorrhizal fungi are sometimes purposely introduced to new areas of land that are used for growing plants for commercial uses (e.g., landscaping, crop production, timber production) . What would be the benefit of doing this?

Threadlike fungal filaments are called

About 80% of plants have mycorrhizae linking them to

Tomato seeds are often consumed by birds or other organisms and then dispersed through their feces. However, when tomatoes rot on the vine, organisms may not consume them. How would tomato seeds likely disperse in this situation?

Which of the following plants has a dominant sporophyte generation and a seed, but no fruit?

Which structure is found in angiosperms but not gymnosperms?

Which part of the life cycle does a pollen grain represent?

The angiosperm plant we see represents the ________ generation, and the flower produces ________.

The ripened ovary of a flower, which is adapted to disperse seeds, is called a/an