Question 1

The radiation dose required to produce mitotic death is:

Accepted Answer

A)   less than the dose needed to produce apoptosis in slowly dividing cells or nondividing cells.
B)   more than the dose needed to produce apoptosis in slowly dividing cells or nondividing cells.
C)   the same as the dose needed to produce apoptosis in slowly dividing cells or nondividing cells.
D)   nonexistent as mitotic death cannot be produced in slowly dividing cells or nondividing cells by ionizing radiation.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

Neutrophils play an important role in:

Accepted Answer

A)   circulating blood through the human body.
B)   clotting blood.
C)   fighting infection.
D)   preventing hemorrhage.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 3

As LET increases,the ability of ionizing radiation to cause biologic effects:

Accepted Answer

A)   also generally increases until it reaches a maximal value.
B)   decreases considerably.
C)   decreases slightly.
D)   remains constant, not increasing or decreasing.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 4

If bone marrow cells have not been destroyed by exposure to ionizing radiation,they can:

Accepted Answer

A)   become insensitive to future exposures from ionizing radiation.
B)   overpopulate and become radioresistant.
C)   remain in circulating blood indefinitely.
D)   repopulate after a period of recovery.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

Which of the following groups of cells is most radiosensitive?

Accepted Answer

A)   Lymphocytes
B)   Adult nerve cells
C)   Erythrocytes
D)   Muscle cellsE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 6

Based on current data,which of the following would be considered a safe radiation dose for the gonads of both males and females?

Accepted Answer

A)   5 Gyt
B)   3 Gyt
C)   1 Gyt
D)   0 GytE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 7

Which of the following groups of cells is least radiosensitive?

Accepted Answer

A)   Adult nerve cells
B)   Nerve cells in an embryo or fetus
C)   Lymphocytes
D)   Immature spermatogoniaE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 8

_________ of the effects of x-radiation and gamma in macromolecules of living systems (in vivo)  occur as a result of indirect action.

Accepted Answer

A)   None
B)   Very few
C)   Some
D)   MostE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

Which of the following curves illustrates the radiation sensitivity of a particular type of cell?

Accepted Answer

A)   Epidemiologic data curve
B)   Extrapolation curve
C)   Dose-response curve
D)   Survival curveE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 10

The radiosensitivity of ova:

Accepted Answer

A)   remains constant throughout the lifetime of the germ cell.
B)   varies considerably throughout the lifetime of the germ cell.
C)   varies slightly throughout the lifetime of the germ cell.
D)   is insignificant because the germ cell is not radiosensitive.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 11

The normal white blood cell count for an adult ranges from:

Accepted Answer

A)   1000 to 5000/mm3 of blood.
B)   3000 to 6000/mm3 of blood.
C)   5000 to 10,000/mm3 of blood.
D)   7000 to 15,000/mm3 of blood.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Direct action may occur after exposure to any type of radiation,but it is much more likely to happen after exposure to:

Accepted Answer

A)   low-LET radiation such as x-rays.
B)   low-LET radiation such as gamma rays.
C)   high-LET radiation such as alpha particles.
D)   nonionizing radiation such as microwaves.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 13

One micron (mm)  = __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   10-6 m
B)   10+6 m
C)   10-3 m
D)   10+3 mE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 14

While passing through a human cell,an x-ray photon interacts with and inactivates the cell's master molecule.What is the consequence for the cell?

Accepted Answer

A)   Loss of all intracellular fluid
B)   Increased pressure on the cell membrane leading to immediate rupture
C)   Disruption of cell chemistry only
D)   DeathE) C) and D)
F) A) and B) D

Question 15

A biologic reaction is produced by 4 Gyt of a test radiation.It takes 16 Gyt of 250-kVp x-rays to produce the same biologic reaction.What is the relative biologic effectiveness (RBE)  of the test radiation?

Accepted Answer

A)   2
B)   4
C)   8
D)   12E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

A periodic blood count is not recommended as a method for monitoring occupational radiation exposure because:
1) biologic damage from ionizing radiation cannot be determined from a blood test.
2) biologic damage has already been sustained when an irregularity is seen in the blood count.
3) a traditional blood count is a relatively insensitive test that is unable to indicate exposures of less than 10 cGy.

Accepted Answer

A)   1 only
B)   2 only
C)   3 only
D)   2 and 3 onlyE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 17

Which of the following means the loss or change of a nitrogenous base in the DNA chain?

Accepted Answer

A)   Aneuploidy
B)   Bleb
C)   Free radical
D)   MutationE) None of the above
F) B) and D) D

Question 18

Which of the following humans is most radiosensitive?

Accepted Answer

A)   A mature adult
B)   An embryo or fetus during the first trimester of pregnancy
C)   A fetus during the third trimester of gestation
D)   A 5-year-old childE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

Which of the following statements is true concerning patients who receive radiation exposure from a routine radiographic procedure such as a chest x-ray?

Accepted Answer

A)   Patients are expected to sustain appreciable damage to either the blood or the blood-forming organs as a consequence of the examination.
B)   Patients are not expected to sustain appreciable damage to either the blood or the blood-forming organs as a consequence of the examination.
C)   Patients are expected to sustain some damage to either the blood or the blood-forming organs as a consequence of the examination.
D)   Patients are expected to sustain total damage to either the blood or the blood-forming organs as a consequence of the examination, resulting in fatality.E) All of the above
F) None of the above B

Question 20

Which of the following tissues contain cells that do not divide?
1) Epithelial tissue
2) Muscle tissue
3) Nervous tissue in an adult

Accepted Answer

A)   1 and 2 only
B)   1 and 3 only
C)   2 and 3 only
D)   1, 2, and 3E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Exam 7: Molecular and Cellular Radiation Biology

The radiation dose required to produce mitotic death is:

Correct Answer
verified

Neutrophils play an important role in:

Correct Answer
verified

As LET increases,the ability of ionizing radiation to cause biologic effects:

Correct Answer
verified

If bone marrow cells have not been destroyed by exposure to ionizing radiation,they can:

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following groups of cells is most radiosensitive?

Correct Answer
verified

Based on current data,which of the following would be considered a safe radiation dose for the gonads of both males and females?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following groups of cells is least radiosensitive?

Correct Answer
verified

_________ of the effects of x-radiation and gamma in macromolecules of living systems (in vivo) occur as a result of indirect action.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following curves illustrates the radiation sensitivity of a particular type of cell?

Correct Answer
verified

The radiosensitivity of ova:

Correct Answer
verified

The normal white blood cell count for an adult ranges from:

Correct Answer
verified

Direct action may occur after exposure to any type of radiation,but it is much more likely to happen after exposure to:

Correct Answer
verified

One micron (mm) = __________.

Correct Answer
verified

While passing through a human cell,an x-ray photon interacts with and inactivates the cell's master molecule.What is the consequence for the cell?

Correct Answer
verified
D

A biologic reaction is produced by 4 Gyt of a test radiation.It takes 16 Gyt of 250-kVp x-rays to produce the same biologic reaction.What is the relative biologic effectiveness (RBE) of the test radiation?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following means the loss or change of a nitrogenous base in the DNA chain?

Correct Answer
verified
D

Which of the following humans is most radiosensitive?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements is true concerning patients who receive radiation exposure from a routine radiographic procedure such as a chest x-ray?

Correct Answer
verified
B

Which of the following tissues contain cells that do not divide? 1) Epithelial tissue 2) Muscle tissue 3) Nervous tissue in an adult

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 7: Molecular and Cellular Radiation Biology

The radiation dose required to produce mitotic death is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Neutrophils play an important role in:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As LET increases,the ability of ionizing radiation to cause biologic effects:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If bone marrow cells have not been destroyed by exposure to ionizing radiation,they can:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following groups of cells is most radiosensitive?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on current data,which of the following would be considered a safe radiation dose for the gonads of both males and females?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following groups of cells is least radiosensitive?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_________ of the effects of x-radiation and gamma in macromolecules of living systems (in vivo) occur as a result of indirect action.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following curves illustrates the radiation sensitivity of a particular type of cell?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The radiosensitivity of ova:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The normal white blood cell count for an adult ranges from:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Direct action may occur after exposure to any type of radiation,but it is much more likely to happen after exposure to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One micron (mm) = __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

While passing through a human cell,an x-ray photon interacts with and inactivates the cell's master molecule.What is the consequence for the cell?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

A biologic reaction is produced by 4 Gyt of a test radiation.It takes 16 Gyt of 250-kVp x-rays to produce the same biologic reaction.What is the relative biologic effectiveness (RBE) of the test radiation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following means the loss or change of a nitrogenous base in the DNA chain?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Which of the following humans is most radiosensitive?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true concerning patients who receive radiation exposure from a routine radiographic procedure such as a chest x-ray?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Which of the following tissues contain cells that do not divide? 1) Epithelial tissue 2) Muscle tissue 3) Nervous tissue in an adult

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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D

Correct Answer
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D

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B

Correct Answer
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