Question 1

Which of the following layers of the heart and their functions are correctly matched?

Accepted Answer

A)  Epicardium-protective inner lining of the heart chambers and valves
B)  Myocardium-cardiac muscle tissue that pumps blood out of the heart chambers
C)  Endocardium-protective outer covering
D)  Pericardium-protective inner lining of the heart chambers and valvesE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 2

A patient is in the emergency room for a severe anxiety attack. Their doctor administers a dose of potassium to control their elevated heart rate. Why would potassium potentially be a treatment for the cardiovascular effects of an anxiety attack?

Accepted Answer

A)  Excess potassium ion concentration directly signals the sympathetic nervous system to cease signaling to increase heart rate
B)  Excess potassium ion concentration causes decreased rate and increased force of contraction.
C)  Excess potassium ion concentration causes decreased rate and decreased force of contraction.
D)  Excess potassium ion concentration signals the parasympathetic nervous system directly to lower heart rateE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 3

The celiac artery provides blood to the

Accepted Answer

A)  kidneys.
B)  large intestine.
C)  liver and spleen.
D)  adrenal glands.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

Name the layers of the heart from the inside out.

Accepted Answer

A)  Myocardium, endocardium, epicardium, fibrous pericardium, pericardial cavity, parietal pericardium
B)  Fibrous pericardium, parietal pericardium, pericardial cavity, epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
C)  Epicardium, myocardium, endocardium, pericardial cavity, parietal pericardium, fibrous pericardium
D)  Endocardium, myocardium, epicardium, pericardial cavity, parietal pericardium, fibrous pericardiumE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 5

When smooth muscles in the walls of the arteries are stimulated to contract,

Accepted Answer

A)  peripheral resistance decreases.
B)  viscosity increases.
C)  blood pressure decreases.
D)  blood pressure increases.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 6

Plasma proteins in capillaries help to

Accepted Answer

A)  maintain the osmotic pressure of the blood.
B)  decrease the osmotic pressure of the blood.
C)  maintain the hydrostatic pressure of the blood.
D)  decrease the hydrostatic pressure of the blood.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Capillary walls consist of a single layer of epithelial cells, and they exchange substances in the blood for substances in the tissue fluid surrounding body cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Sympathetic stimulation increases

Accepted Answer

A)  end-diastolic volume.
B)  stroke volume.
C)  end-systolic volume.
D)  blood vessel volume.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 9

Which of the following is not a branch of the aorta?

Accepted Answer

A)  Right coronary artery
B)  Pulmonary artery
C)  Brachiocephalic artery
D)  Left subclavian arteryE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a factor that increases risk of developing atherosclerosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  A diet high in unsaturated fats
B)  Tobacco smoking
C)  Lack of physical exercise
D)  Low blood pressureE) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

Which of the following is due to an aging cardiovascular system?

Accepted Answer

A)  The tunica interna thickens.
B)  The direction of blood flow in some capillaries reverses.
C)  Arteries become less rigid.
D)  Veins lose collagen.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Which type of blood vessel holds the greatest volume of blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  Artery
B)  Arteriole
C)  Capillary
D)  VeinE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

The mechanism that ensures that the volume of blood discharged from the heart is equal to the volume entering its chambers is described by ________ law of the heart.

Accepted Answer

A)  Boyle's
B)  Frank-Starling's
C)  Dalton's
D)  Newton'sE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 14

Osmotic pressure forces molecules in the blood out through capillary walls.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following gases does endothelium release?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nitric oxide
B)  Oxygen
C)  Nitrogen
D)  MethaneE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 16

The great saphenous vein is the longest vein in the body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

A pump is attached to the superior mesenteric artery and blue ink is pumped in. Which structures of the body will show the blue ink?

Accepted Answer

A)  The neck and the facial muscles
B)  The intercostal muscles and chest area
C)  The arms and the hands
D)  The small intestine and portions of the large intestineE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 18

Which of the following might serve as a secondary pacemaker for the heart?

Accepted Answer

A)  AV node
B)  Purkinje fibers
C)  Both AV node and Purkinje fibers
D)  Neither AV node nor Purkinje fibersE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 19

Kidney disease can cause hypertension by

Accepted Answer

A)  activating the renin-angiotensin mechanism.
B)  stimulating the secretion of ANP.
C)  increasing release (excretion) of sodium and water.
D)  directly signaling the brain stem to increase blood pressure.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 20

The smaller branches of the coronary arteries have some anastomoses between vessels.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 15: Cardiovascular System

Which of the following gases does endothelium release?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The great saphenous vein is the longest vein in the body.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following layers of the heart and their functions are correctly matched?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is due to an aging cardiovascular system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Name the layers of the heart from the inside out.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The celiac artery provides blood to the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The mechanism that ensures that the volume of blood discharged from the heart is equal to the volume entering its chambers is described by ________ law of the heart.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Capillary walls consist of a single layer of epithelial cells, and they exchange substances in the blood for substances in the tissue fluid surrounding body cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A patient is in the emergency room for a severe anxiety attack. Their doctor administers a dose of potassium to control their elevated heart rate. Why would potassium potentially be a treatment for the cardiovascular effects of an anxiety attack?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A pump is attached to the superior mesenteric artery and blue ink is pumped in. Which structures of the body will show the blue ink?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The smaller branches of the coronary arteries have some anastomoses between vessels.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which type of blood vessel holds the greatest volume of blood?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Osmotic pressure forces molecules in the blood out through capillary walls.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Plasma proteins in capillaries help to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sympathetic stimulation increases

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Kidney disease can cause hypertension by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following might serve as a secondary pacemaker for the heart?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a branch of the aorta?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When smooth muscles in the walls of the arteries are stimulated to contract,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a factor that increases risk of developing atherosclerosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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