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Exam 3: Ethical Issues in Social Science Research

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Question 31

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In the 2006 sociology study of Harvard University Facebook users,an ethical dilemma emerged.Which question represents the most important ethical issue at stake? Should sociologists

A) deceive research participants?
B) pose as members of a social group to which they don't belong?
C) expose private data by sharing it with other researchers?
D) gather data without informing the person who posted the data?

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Question 32

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Why was Laud Humphreys' deception considered so ethically serious?

A) The potential consequences for his research subjects were so significant.
B) Sexuality is a private matter.
C) Humphreys was only a graduate student at the time of the study.
D) Other sociologists colluded with Humphreys,working with him to collect more data.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Question 33

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The Belmont Report describes ethical practice with use of three principles.First,describe one general ethical principle shared by all three principles.Second,list the three principles and,for each one,briefly describe how it is distinctive (that is,unique and unlike the others).

Omar studies Stanley Milgram's 1950s Yale University research.Though more than a half-century has passed,Omar can see similar important issues in his social world of the twenty-first century.Milgram influences Omar to ask what question?

Create a study in which confidentiality is the highest protection possible.Why,in this study,is anonymity not possible?

List and describe two advantages and two disadvantages of the IRB system.

The Nuremberg Code established the principle that people must consent to be research subjects,and have the right to withdraw whenever they choose.Use this principle to analyze two of the following studies: the Tuskegee syphilis experiment,Laud Humphreys' Tearoom Trade,and the Zimbardo prison experiment.Explain how the study violated or upheld the Nuremberg Code principle.

You are the hiring director of a large university's IRB,working according to the rules of the National Research Act of 1974.Who would you recruit to serve on the board?

Sociology professor Sudhir Venkatesh used deception in his ethnography of drug dealers (Gang Leader for a Day,2008).Why did he use deception? Why did some scholars think such deception was unethical? If you were Venkatesh,would you have used deception in the same way? Why or why not?

As a student at your university,you wish to conduct a study about some element of your university.Briefly describe a sociological study that would include an inappropriate conflict of interest.What makes it inappropriate?

One reviewer called Sudhir Venkatesh's Gang Leader for a Day "evil" because,in order to conduct his study,Venkatesh

A sociology study about employment seeking and criminal backgrounds collects data from publicly available databases,and then de-identifies the data.No one,not even the researcher,can trace a piece of data back to the person it describes.This researcher has achieved

Dr.Omani is planning a sociological study of environmental habits among homeowners.His university's IRB requires him to submit a ________,which includes research questions and methods,descriptions of the subjects,and steps he will take to minimize risk.

In the course of his study on nursing homes,Inger inadvertently learned about specific instances of elder abuse.She had promised her subjects confidentiality,but

Mikal wants to study the effects of sleep deprivation.He chooses a homeless shelter as a field site,playing a radio loudly during the night so people can't sleep.He chose the homeless shelter because,without other options,people will stay all night for the duration of the study.Mikal has violated the justice principle of the Belmont Report because he

The Nuremberg Code established the principle that experiments should never be designed to harm participants.Use this principle to analyze two of the following studies: Nazi concentration camp experiments,the Tuskegee syphilis experiment,the Milgram obedience experiment,and the Zimbardo prison experiment.Explain how the study violated or upheld the Nuremberg Code principle.

In his study of gangs,how did Sudhir Venkatesh deceive research subjects?

Before she conducted her research on Hurricane Katrina survivors,Mary Waters carefully considered whether the study would produce useful knowledge and whether her subjects would be traumatized by talking about the experience.Such an assessment of ________ and ________ is central to the IRB review process.

When sociologists consider whether research is ethical,they are referring to if