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Tom drifts in and out of most jobs.Owing to his lack of education and skill, it is often very difficult for him to find a stable job with a steady income.Despite having some earning, he depends on various government programs to make ends meet.Which of the following terms can be used to describe Tom's social status?


A) Bourgeoisie
B) Lower-middle class
C) Working poor
D) Underclass
E) Working class

F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Identify the social stratification system in which a person's ability to change social positions is influenced by his or her achievements.


A) Open stratification system
B) Closed stratification system
C) Slavery system
D) Matriarchal system
E) Patriarchal system

F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

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Socioeconomic status (SES) is an overall ranking of a person's position in society based on income, education, and occupation.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following is a characteristic of prestigious occupations?


A) They usually require carrying out very specific tasks.
B) They require more formal education and extensive training.
C) They are a result of one's inherited characteristic.
D) They are primarily manual.
E) They require more supervision.

F) All of the above
G) D) and E)

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Wealth is the money a person receives, usually through wages or salaries.

A) True
B) False

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_____ is the abundance of economic assets that a person or family owns.


A) Mobility
B) Wealth
C) Reputation
D) Prestige
E) Power

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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Identify a similarity between conflict theorists' and Melvin Tumin's opinion of the Davis-Moore thesis.


A) They both believe that economic struggle can be attributed to technology and globalization.
B) They both maintain that social stratification is dysfunctional because it hurts individuals and societies.
C) They both believe that government policies favor only the rich.
D) They both maintain that the proletariat would overthrow the bourgeoisie.
E) They both believe inequality is necessary to motivate people to work hard and to succeed.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Correct Answer

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The lower-upper class shape the economic and political climate through a variety of mechanisms.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Which of the following statements is true of the jobs held by the working class of America?


A) Their jobs have considerable on-the-job autonomy and freedom.
B) They are mostly dependent on income from government programs.
C) They work in minimum wage jobs, or are often unemployed.
D) Their jobs require little training and are closely supervised.
E) Their jobs consist of nonmanual occupations that require some training beyond high school.

F) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following statements is true of upper-upper-class people?


A) They have less autonomy and freedom from supervision.
B) They have worked for their wealth rather than inherited it.
C) They live on earned income rather than accumulated wealth.
D) They are the old rich who have been wealthy for generations.
E) They have severe restrictions in choice of occupation.

F) All of the above
G) D) and E)

Correct Answer

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How do the members of the upper-middle class differ from those in the lower-middle class?


A) Unlike upper-middle class, those in the lower-middle class have less autonomy and freedom from supervision in their jobs.
B) Unlike upper-middle class, those in the lower-middle live on earned income rather than accumulated or inherited wealth.
C) Unlike upper-middle class, those in the lower-middle class don't require a college education for their jobs.
D) Unlike upper-middle-class, those in the lower-middle class are relatively isolated from the rest of the population.
E) Unlike upper-middle-class, those in the lower-middle class work in minimum wage jobs, or are often unemployed.

F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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What is the poverty line? How does the government determine the poverty line?

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The poverty line (also called the povert...

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Poor children are as healthy as those at higher socioeconomic status levels and are likely to be just as healthy in adulthood.

A) True
B) False

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Since ascribed characteristics can change, people in open stratification systems can move from one social class to another.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Sarah comes from a lower-middle class family.Her parents were teachers and relied on both their incomes to run their household.Sarah got into medical school on a scholarship and is now a doctor at a well-reputed hospital.Sarah's upward movement to the upper-middle class is an example of _____.


A) intergenerational mobility
B) wealth and income inequality
C) global stratification
D) intragenerational mobility
E) life chances

F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

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Define socioeconomic status.Briefly describe the characteristics of the upper class and the middle class of America.

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Socioeconomic status (SES) is an overall...

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Explain how demographic factors affect social mobility.

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Demographic factors affect social mobili...

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Identify a criticism by Melvin Tumin on the Davis-Moore thesis.


A) A system of unequal rewards motivates people to contribute to society.
B) Social stratification is based on meritocracy.
C) There's little association between earnings and the jobs that keep a society going.
D) Some positions are more crucial than others for a society's survival.
E) People won't undergo many years of education or training unless they are rewarded by money.

F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

Correct Answer

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Identify the common characteristics of America's poor and briefly describe each of them.

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The poor share some common characteristi...

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In rich countries, gender inequality doesn't result in discrimination in the economy, politics, and access to medical services.

A) True
B) False

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