Question 1

The cellular basis for bacterial resistance to antimicrobials include

Accepted Answer

A)   bacterial chromosomal mutations.
B)   synthesis of enzymes that alter drug structure.
C)   prevention of drug entry into the cell.
D)   alteration of drug receptors on cell targets.
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 2

A patient has a staphylococcal infection of the blood; a septicemia - very serious and possibly deadly.As the doctor,you would like to prescribe a relatively non-toxic and inexpensive drug out of the cephalosporin family.However,if the patient harbors a strain of Staphylococcus that is resistant to a variety of antibiotics,you would prefer to use vancomycin-- which is highly effective against Staphylococcus.Which of the following explains why the cephalosporin drug is preferred for use over the vancomycin?

Accepted Answer

A)   You would rather give an inexpensive drug to save the family money.
B)   You really do not know that much about vancomycin, so you would rather go with a drug that you can find out more about.
C)   Vancomycin is very toxic, and the Staphylococcus strain could become resistant leaving no back-up drugs with which to treat the infection.
D)   Vancomycin is one of the most selectively toxic drugs there is, so you would prefer one that has a more broad-spectrum effect.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 3

The use of a drug to prevent imminent infection is called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   competitive inhibition
B)   synergism
C)   prebiotics
D)   prophylaxis
E)   lantibioticsF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 4

The production of antibiotics by microbes evolved so that

Accepted Answer

A)   bacteria and viruses could be eliminated.
B)   the growth of other organisms sharing their habitat was inhibited, thus giving them a selective advantage.
C)   certain environments can be protected from pathogenic bacteria.
D)   diseases could be cured.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 5

Drugs that insert on the _____ ribosomal subunit prevent peptide bond formation or inhibit translocation of the subunit during translation.

Accepted Answer

A)   30S
B)   40S
C)   50S
D)   60S
E)   70SF) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 6

A drug exhibiting which therapeutic index value would be the safest,most effective to use on a patient?

Accepted Answer

A)   20
B)   10
C)   1
D)   0.1
E)   Any choice would be equally effective.F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 7

The drug used for several protozoan infections is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   nystatin
B)   griseofulvin
C)   amphotericin B
D)   sulfa drugs
E)   metronidazoleF) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 8

You have given a dosage of an antibiotic to a patient for his infection,but the patient is not getting any better.The MIC tests shows that the drug that you prescribed,at the dosage that was given,should work against this particular strain of bacterium.What do you think might be the problem?

Accepted Answer

A)   The drug might be broken down in the patient's body before it can have its full effect on the bacterium.
B)   The patient is resistant to the drug.
C)   The bacterium is immune to the chemical effects of the drug.
D)   The drug was improperly made at the pharmaceutical company, so is no longer effective.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

Which of the following antibacterial drug groups does not target protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Oxazolidinones
B)   Macrolides
C)   Aminoglycosides
D)   Sulfonamides
E)   TetracyclinesF) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 10

An antibiotic of the penicillin family is penicillin

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Alexander Fleming had been running tests using Staphylococcus,and he left some plates out to incubate.Evidently,after returning to his lab after the weekend,he found that Penicillium mold was growing on his agar plates containing the growth of Staphylococcus.Looking more closely,he found a large,clear area around the mold colony where Staphylococcus colonies did not grow.Given this situation,a valid hypothesis would be that

Accepted Answer

A)   the Staphylococcus was being inhibited by the Penicillium mold.
B)   the Penicillium mold was being killed by the Staphylococcus.
C)   the bacteriological medium being used in the plates was somehow inhibitory to the Staphylococcus growth.
D)   the room temperature incubation was inhibitory to the growth of Staphylococcus.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Primaquine and chloroquine are drugs used in the treatment of ______ infections.

Accepted Answer

A)   gram-positive bacterial
B)   gram-negative bacterial
C)   fungal
D)   protozoan
E)   viralF) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 13

Who is considered to be the father of modern antibiotics?

Accepted Answer

A)   Domagk
B)   Crick
C)   Fleming
D)   Chargaff
E)   WatsonF) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 14

The use of any chemical in the treatment,relief,or prophylaxis of a disease is called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   prophylaxis
B)   chemotherapy
C)   selective toxicity
D)   nephrotoxicity
E)   synergismF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 15

Which of the following antimicrobials does not inhibit DNA synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Chloroquine
B)   Quinolone
C)   Penicillin
D)   Azidothymidine
E)   AcyclovirF) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 16

Which group are the key drugs used to treat Hansen's disease (leprosy) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   Sulfonamides
B)   Sulfones
C)   Fluoroquinolones
D)   Polymyxins
E)   StreptomycesF) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 17

Selective toxicity refers to damage to

Accepted Answer

A)   pathogenic organisms.
B)   prokaryotic cell membranes.
C)   the target organisms but not vertebrate cells.
D)   nucleic acids.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Selective toxicity exhibited by a drug means that

Accepted Answer

A)   the drug is effective against the target organism, but not the human host.
B)   the drug kills some organisms but not others.
C)   the drug is effective against gram-positive bacteria but not gram-negative.
D)   the drug is toxic to the human host but ineffective against the organism.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 19

A ratio of the dose of the drug that is toxic to humans versus the minimum effective dose for that pathogen is assessed to predict the potential for toxic drug reactions.This is called the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   Kirby-Bauer technique
B)   antibiogram
C)   E-test
D)   minimum inhibitory concentration (MI
C)  
E)   therapeutic index (TI) F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

Resistance genes can be transferred to other bacterial cells during transformation,transduction,and conjugation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 12: Antimicrobial Treatment

The drug used for several protozoan infections is ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Selective toxicity exhibited by a drug means that

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following antibacterial drug groups does not target protein synthesis?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Selective toxicity refers to damage to

Correct Answer
verified

A ratio of the dose of the drug that is toxic to humans versus the minimum effective dose for that pathogen is assessed to predict the potential for toxic drug reactions.This is called the ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following antimicrobials does not inhibit DNA synthesis?

Correct Answer
verified

Which group are the key drugs used to treat Hansen's disease (leprosy) ?

Correct Answer
verified

An antibiotic of the penicillin family is penicillin

Correct Answer
verified

The use of any chemical in the treatment,relief,or prophylaxis of a disease is called ______.

Correct Answer
verified

The use of a drug to prevent imminent infection is called ______.

Correct Answer
verified

A drug exhibiting which therapeutic index value would be the safest,most effective to use on a patient?

Correct Answer
verified

Drugs that insert on the _____ ribosomal subunit prevent peptide bond formation or inhibit translocation of the subunit during translation.

Correct Answer
verified

Who is considered to be the father of modern antibiotics?

Correct Answer
verified

You have given a dosage of an antibiotic to a patient for his infection,but the patient is not getting any better.The MIC tests shows that the drug that you prescribed,at the dosage that was given,should work against this particular strain of bacterium.What do you think might be the problem?

Correct Answer
verified

Primaquine and chloroquine are drugs used in the treatment of ______ infections.

Correct Answer
verified

The cellular basis for bacterial resistance to antimicrobials include

Correct Answer
verified

The production of antibiotics by microbes evolved so that

Correct Answer
verified

Resistance genes can be transferred to other bacterial cells during transformation,transduction,and conjugation.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 12: Antimicrobial Treatment

The drug used for several protozoan infections is ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Selective toxicity exhibited by a drug means that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following antibacterial drug groups does not target protein synthesis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Selective toxicity refers to damage to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A ratio of the dose of the drug that is toxic to humans versus the minimum effective dose for that pathogen is assessed to predict the potential for toxic drug reactions.This is called the ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following antimicrobials does not inhibit DNA synthesis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which group are the key drugs used to treat Hansen's disease (leprosy) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An antibiotic of the penicillin family is penicillin

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The use of any chemical in the treatment,relief,or prophylaxis of a disease is called ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The use of a drug to prevent imminent infection is called ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A drug exhibiting which therapeutic index value would be the safest,most effective to use on a patient?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Drugs that insert on the _____ ribosomal subunit prevent peptide bond formation or inhibit translocation of the subunit during translation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Who is considered to be the father of modern antibiotics?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You have given a dosage of an antibiotic to a patient for his infection,but the patient is not getting any better.The MIC tests shows that the drug that you prescribed,at the dosage that was given,should work against this particular strain of bacterium.What do you think might be the problem?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Primaquine and chloroquine are drugs used in the treatment of ______ infections.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The cellular basis for bacterial resistance to antimicrobials include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The production of antibiotics by microbes evolved so that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Resistance genes can be transferred to other bacterial cells during transformation,transduction,and conjugation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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