Question 1

The point where a fault first ruptures is called the _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   epicentre
B)   hypocentre
C)   foreshock
D)   faultcentre
E)   seismocentreF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 2

The frequency of a wave is ____________________.

Accepted Answer

A)   the amount of displacement of the medium through which the wave is passing
B)   the number of full wave cycles passing a given point per unit time
C)   the time between successive waves
D)   the energy of the waveE) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Locate the epicentre and estimate the magnitude of an earthquake from seismogram measurements.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The moment of magnitude scale is more accurate for big earthquakes because _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   it includes length of duration of shaking and energy released
B)   it includes fault-rupture area and energy released
C)   it includes the distance from the epicentre and length of duration of shaking
D)   it includes hypocentre depth and energy released
E)   it includes fault-rupture area and hypocentre depthF) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 5

-The building above (Figure 3.36 in textbook) has been strengthened by

Accepted Answer

A)   adding infill walls.
B)   adding frames to the exterior.
C)   adding a buttress.
D)   isolating the building from the ground.
E)   adding braces.F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 6

In Sichuan Province,China,the 2008 earthquake particularly affected:

Accepted Answer

A)   roads
B)   private houses
C)   bridges
D)   schools
E)   none of these choicesF) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 7

Buildings made of wood tend to ________ than a stiffer building of brick or concrete.

Accepted Answer

A)   fail under compression
B)   deform elastically
C)   suffer brittle failure
D)   none of theseE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 8

Aftershocks are smaller than the mainshock in an earthquake sequence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following statements about faults are correct?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are surface features extending no more than 0.5 metres below the surface.
B)   A fault rupture is a one-time movement that produces an earthquake.
C)   A crack in the Earth across which the two slides move relative to each other.
D)   They are the point on the surface directly above the epicentre.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 10

Earthquake magnitude scales such as the Richter scale assess the effects on people and buildings.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The S-waves can travel through liquids,solids,and gases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

With their up-and-down and side-to-side motions,S-waves shake the ground surface and can do severe damage to buildings.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

When you compare L,S,and P waves on the graph arrival time (Y axes)versus epicentral distance (X axes),the position of L waves will be below P waves.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The study of Earthquakes is known as __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   quakology
B)   terrology
C)   quassology
D)   collapsology
E)   seismologyF) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 15

"Megathrust earthquakes" which release enormous amounts of energy and cause widespread destruction are generated at ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)   subduction zones
B)   continent to continent collisions
C)   transform faults
D)   hot spotsE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 16

Instrumentation used to measure Earth motion are called ________ and these movements are recorded on a ___________________.

Accepted Answer

A)   quakemeters;richtergraph
B)   terrameters;terrachart
C)   seismometers;seismograph
D)   seismomgraphs;seismochartE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 17

The biggest shaking event is called the mainshock,the smaller ones before it are known as foreshocks,and the smaller ones after it are called aftershocks.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Typically fewer than 20 major and great earthquakes (magnitudes of 7 and higher)each year account for more than 90 percent of the energy released by earthquakes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Seismic waves were amplified at four sites with different foundation (soil) materials in Ottawa during the 2005 Charlevoix earthquake.At which site were they preferentially amplified?

Accepted Answer

A)   rock
B)   10m soil
C)   1m soil
D)   50m soil
E)   none of these;seismic waves are not affected by the type or thickness of the soil materialF) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 20

The epicentres at divergent zones follow the ______________ and appear at _______ depths.

Accepted Answer

A)   stretched lithosphere;long
B)   subduction zone;shallow
C)   C,triple junction;long
D)   thin and stretched lithosphere;shallow
E)   trench zone;shallowF) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Exam 3: Earthquake Geology, Seismology, and Engineering

The S-waves can travel through liquids,solids,and gases.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

-The building above (Figure 3.36 in textbook) has been strengthened by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When you compare L,S,and P waves on the graph arrival time (Y axes)versus epicentral distance (X axes),the position of L waves will be below P waves.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Aftershocks are smaller than the mainshock in an earthquake sequence.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Seismic waves were amplified at four sites with different foundation (soil) materials in Ottawa during the 2005 Charlevoix earthquake.At which site were they preferentially amplified?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Buildings made of wood tend to ________ than a stiffer building of brick or concrete.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Typically fewer than 20 major and great earthquakes (magnitudes of 7 and higher)each year account for more than 90 percent of the energy released by earthquakes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Sichuan Province,China,the 2008 earthquake particularly affected:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The point where a fault first ruptures is called the _____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Earthquake magnitude scales such as the Richter scale assess the effects on people and buildings.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The frequency of a wave is ____________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The moment of magnitude scale is more accurate for big earthquakes because _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Locate the epicentre and estimate the magnitude of an earthquake from seismogram measurements.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The epicentres at divergent zones follow the ______________ and appear at _______ depths.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

"Megathrust earthquakes" which release enormous amounts of energy and cause widespread destruction are generated at ___________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The biggest shaking event is called the mainshock,the smaller ones before it are known as foreshocks,and the smaller ones after it are called aftershocks.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about faults are correct?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The study of Earthquakes is known as __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Instrumentation used to measure Earth motion are called ________ and these movements are recorded on a ___________________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

With their up-and-down and side-to-side motions,S-waves shake the ground surface and can do severe damage to buildings.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The epicentres at divergent zones follow the ________ and appear at _ depths.

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Instrumentation used to measure Earth motion are called and these movements are recorded on a ___________.

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