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Baby Natalie is generally in a positive mood.She follows a regular daily routine and is calm during new situations.According to Chess and Thomas, Natalie is:


A) uninhibited.
B) slow-to-warm-up.
C) a difficult child.
D) an easy child.

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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Freud believed that infants become attached to the person or object that:


A) helps them to develop a sense of trust through consistent attention to needs.
B) provides oral satisfaction.
C) emanates physical warmth and heartbeat tones.
D) they see and hear immediately after birth.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Goodness of fit occurs when a child's temperament matches:


A) environmental demands.
B) the parent's temperament.
C) the parent's attachment style.
D) reciprocal interactions.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Infant Nathan is smiling and "talking" with short, loud noises.His mother responds each time Nathan expresses himself by smiling and talking.This interaction is described as:


A) high-intensity stimulus.
B) caregiver expression.
C) reciprocal or synchronous.
D) self-regulation.

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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How does day care affect the influence that family and parenting have on children?

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A large, national study indicated that t...

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A recent study involved 1- and 2-year-olds in a simple cooperative task.Which of the following accurately describes the findings of the study?


A) The 2-year-olds engaged in more actively cooperative behavior.
B) The 1-year-olds engaged in more actively cooperative behavior.
C) Both 1- and 2-year-olds engaged in actively cooperative behavior.
D) Both 1- and 2-year-olds engaged in highly competitive behavior.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Beth has fewer friends than she did when she was younger, but each relationship is deeply satisfying and enjoyable to her.This is an example of Laura Carstensen's theory of:


A) socioemotional selectivity.
B) socioecological discrimination.
C) psychosocial developmental stages.
D) generativity.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Baby Jonah is hungry.He will alert his mother with a(n) :


A) basic cry.
B) anger cry.
C) pain cry.
D) facial expression.

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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List two strategies a parent can follow in regard to child care.

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1.Recognize that the quality of your par...

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Although research is limited, studies show that romantic breakups:


A) can actually have many positive outcomes.
B) are more common among low socioeconomic groups.
C) cause a significant amount of distress and are responsible for the largest portion of adult and adolescent suicides.
D) are positively correlated with secure attachment to parents.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

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When caregivers soothe a crying infant in distress:


A) they help the infant to regulate his own emotions.
B) they make the infant too dependent upon others and unable to regulate his own emotions.
C) they curtail the infant's ability to express himself during the middle childhood years.
D) the level of stress hormones is increased and mood swings are produced in the infant.

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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Socioemotional selectivity affects the goals of older adults.Knowledge-related goals _____ during this time, whereas emotion-related goals _____.


A) increase; decline
B) decline; increase
C) increase; disappear
D) decline; disappear

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Which of the following demonstrates phase 3 in Bowlby's attachment theory?


A) Ryan follows his dad everywhere.
B) Dallas knows that his actions and words have emotional consequences for others around him, so he is careful with what he says and does.
C) Newborn James can be comforted by anyone who will hold and feed him.
D) Kandice is beginning to recognize and prefer her mother or father to strangers.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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Describe three of the ways in which emotional regulation develops during childhood.

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1.Cognitive strategies, such as thinking...

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Which of the following is likely to be an important factor in connecting attachment style with later functioning?


A) temperament.
B) consistency in care giving.
C) level of autonomy.
D) adaptability.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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What is the difference between a reflexive smile and a social smile?

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A reflexive smile does not occur in resp...

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Showing 141 - 156 of 156

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