Question 1

Majorities tend to rely on ____,whereas minorities tend to rely on ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  informational social influence; normative social influence
B)  normative social influence; informational social influence
C)  normative social influence; idiosyncrasy credits
D)  informational social influence; conversionE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 2

Deviant behavior is usually met with rejection,but in Japan,deviants in school tend to be shunned and harassed by their entire class or school.Such treatment is particularly psychologically damaging in Japan because the culture

Accepted Answer

A)  demands perfection.
B)  emphasizes cohesion and group harmony.
C)  frowns upon conformity.
D)  emphasizes good grades.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 3

How did researchers know that the 1998 case of mass psychogenic illness at a Tennessee high school (described in the text) was due to social influence?

Accepted Answer

A)  Clinical interviews indicated the psychological origin of the illness.
B)  The spread of illness was correlated with the extent of interaction of individuals.
C)  The spread of illness was correlated with media reporting of the illness.
D)  No physical cause for the illness could be found.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 4

If a person deviates from the norms of a group,the first thing the group is likely to do is

Accepted Answer

A)  exclude the person.
B)  assign him to a position of lower status.
C)  try to persuade him to conform.
D)  say negative things to the deviant.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

In what kinds of situations are people most likely to yield to normative social influence pressures?

Accepted Answer

In general,people are more responsive to...

Question 6

All of the following are examples of informational social influence except

Accepted Answer

A)  You are running a race,and you wait to check which of two roads the other runners follow. 
B)   You've just started work at a new job,and a fire alarm goes off.You watch your coworkers to see what to do.
C)  You ask your advisor which classes you should take next semester.
D)  You decide to lose weight,because the people you see on the covers of popular magazines are thinner than you are and you want people to like you more.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

Solomon Asch (1951,1956) conducted a series of studies in which participants were asked to estimate the lengths of lines that clearly differed in length.Participants then heard the other group members give correct estimations for some trials,and blatantly incorrect estimations for others.When confederates in the study gave an incorrect response,how did participants respond?

Accepted Answer

A)  They refused to provide an obviously incorrect answer.
B)  They tried to correct the confederates' mistakes and persuade them to make the correct choice.
C)  They tended to conform on at least one of the trials.
D)  They refused to answer,or "passed" their turn.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

Given the strong need for acceptance and belonging that people have,it is not surprising that they often have a difficult time saying "no" and not conforming when it may lead to social disapproval.Nonetheless,there are times when people resist normative social influence.Name the two main conditions under which someone is more likely to resist normative social influence attempts.

Accepted Answer

When someone in a group has an ally-some...

Question 9

Jane's softball team is planning to steal the other team's mascot-a baby goat.Jane does not want to participate in such a scheme.Which of the following situations would make it more likely that Jane will refuse to help her team steal the goat?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jane has built up "favorability credits."
B)  The situation is ambiguous.
C)  The group is important to Jane.
D)  Another member of the team decides not to participate.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 10

Mass psychogenic illness is most likely to affect someone who has been under stress and

Accepted Answer

A)  experiencing hallucinations.
B)  was exposed to an ill person during the outbreak of the illness.
C)  is extremely eager to be accepted by his or her peers.
D)  does not use effective coping strategies.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Researchers have concluded that in general, ____ norms are more effective than ____ norms in reducing litter.

Accepted Answer

A)  descriptive; injunctive
B)  salient; subtle
C)  injunctive; descriptive
D)  subtle; salientE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 12

The authors of your text note that across the studies that Milgram did investigating obedience to authority,the one factor that never made a consistent difference in how participants behaved was

Accepted Answer

A)  instructions from the experimenter.
B)  pleas for help from the victim.
C)  disagreement among authority figures.
D)  disobedience from other teachers.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 13

In the past ten years,the popular American holiday,Halloween,was "imported" to France by retailers hoping to increase revenues.Essentially,the French learned the traditions such as trick-or-treating and wearing costumes from Americans.This is an example of ____ on an international scale.

Accepted Answer

A)  normative social influence
B)  the autokinetic effect
C)  informational social influence
D)  mass psychogenic illnessE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

In Burger's (2009) replication of Milgram's studies on obedience to authority,he included both men and women (as did Milgram in some of his) .Which of the following is true about the gender differences Burger found?

Accepted Answer

A)  Men were more obedient than women.
B)  Women were more obedient than men.
C)  Men were more obedient,but only if the experimenter giving instructions was also a man.
D)  There were no significant gender differences,just as in Milgram's studies.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 15

Your niece Caitlin is deathly afraid of glass elevators.You have just read Chapter 8,and have decided to use informational social influence to convince Caitlin that there is no need to be afraid to ride in glass elevators.How would you apply the concept of informational social influence in this situation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Give Caitlin a big hug every time she is willing to approach a glass elevator.
B)  Tell Caitlin that her friends will call her "scaredy-cat" if she doesn't get in the elevator.
C)  Get Caitlin's friends to ride a glass elevator,and ask them to smile and wave to you both as they ascend.
D)  Shove Caitlin into a glass elevator,push the "penthouse" button,and tell her not to cry.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 16

In a field study by Shultz and his colleagues (2007) ,several households in a neighborhood received weekly feedback about their level of energy consumption relative to their neighbors.Some households received only descriptive norm feedback,and some received descriptive and injunctive norm feedback.Which method of feedback was most effective in producing energy conservation?

Accepted Answer

A)  They were both very effective.
B)  descriptive norms
C)  descriptive and injunctive
D)  T They were both very ineffective.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 17

In Japan,some teens become hikikomori,often after being victims of severe bullying.Someone who is hikikomori can be described as

Accepted Answer

A)  withdrawn from all social interaction.
B)  gregarious and outgoing.
C)  schizophrenic and paranoid.
D)  extremely aggressive towards others.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

It is likely that participants in Stanley Milgram's obedience experiments (conducted in the 1960s and 1970s) were willing to administer increasingly severe shocks to a confederate learner because when confronted with a confusing,unfamiliar,and upsetting situation,they would turn to the experimenter for cues as to how to proceed.This speculation in essence identifies ____ as a source of participants' destructive obedience.

Accepted Answer

A)  social norms
B)  normative social influence
C)  informational social influence
D)  latent sadismE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

Discuss the role of both informational and normative influence in Nazi Germany and the Holocaust.

Accepted Answer

Both informational and normative conform...

Question 20

Which of the following is an example of a social norm in mainstream U.S.culture?

Accepted Answer

A)  bowing to your parents as a greeting
B)  using your turn signal to indicate which direction you will be turning
C)  reading a book
D)  asking a homeless person for help finding an addressE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Exam 8: Conformity: Influencing Behavior

Majorities tend to rely on ,whereas minorities tend to rely on .

Correct Answer
verified

In Japan,some teens become hikikomori,often after being victims of severe bullying.Someone who is hikikomori can be described as

Correct Answer
verified

Discuss the role of both informational and normative influence in Nazi Germany and the Holocaust.

Correct Answer
verified
Both informational and normative conform...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Mass psychogenic illness is most likely to affect someone who has been under stress and

Correct Answer
verified

The authors of your text note that across the studies that Milgram did investigating obedience to authority,the one factor that never made a consistent difference in how participants behaved was

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

All of the following are examples of informational social influence except

Correct Answer
verified

How did researchers know that the 1998 case of mass psychogenic illness at a Tennessee high school (described in the text) was due to social influence?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
When someone in a group has an ally-some...
View Answer

If a person deviates from the norms of a group,the first thing the group is likely to do is

Correct Answer
verified

Researchers have concluded that in general, norms are more effective than norms in reducing litter.

Correct Answer
verified

In Burger's (2009) replication of Milgram's studies on obedience to authority,he included both men and women (as did Milgram in some of his) .Which of the following is true about the gender differences Burger found?

Correct Answer
verified

In the past ten years,the popular American holiday,Halloween,was "imported" to France by retailers hoping to increase revenues.Essentially,the French learned the traditions such as trick-or-treating and wearing costumes from Americans.This is an example of ____ on an international scale.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is an example of a social norm in mainstream U.S.culture?

Correct Answer
verified

Deviant behavior is usually met with rejection,but in Japan,deviants in school tend to be shunned and harassed by their entire class or school.Such treatment is particularly psychologically damaging in Japan because the culture

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Jane's softball team is planning to steal the other team's mascot-a baby goat.Jane does not want to participate in such a scheme.Which of the following situations would make it more likely that Jane will refuse to help her team steal the goat?

Correct Answer
verified

In what kinds of situations are people most likely to yield to normative social influence pressures?

Correct Answer
verified
In general,people are more responsive to...
View Answer

Exam 8: Conformity: Influencing Behavior

Majorities tend to rely on ____,whereas minorities tend to rely on ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Japan,some teens become hikikomori,often after being victims of severe bullying.Someone who is hikikomori can be described as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Discuss the role of both informational and normative influence in Nazi Germany and the Holocaust.

Correct AnswerverifiedBoth informational and normative conform...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mass psychogenic illness is most likely to affect someone who has been under stress and

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The authors of your text note that across the studies that Milgram did investigating obedience to authority,the one factor that never made a consistent difference in how participants behaved was

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are examples of informational social influence except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How did researchers know that the 1998 case of mass psychogenic illness at a Tennessee high school (described in the text) was due to social influence?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedWhen someone in a group has an ally-some...View AnswerShow Answer

If a person deviates from the norms of a group,the first thing the group is likely to do is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Researchers have concluded that in general, ____ norms are more effective than ____ norms in reducing litter.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Burger's (2009) replication of Milgram's studies on obedience to authority,he included both men and women (as did Milgram in some of his) .Which of the following is true about the gender differences Burger found?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the past ten years,the popular American holiday,Halloween,was "imported" to France by retailers hoping to increase revenues.Essentially,the French learned the traditions such as trick-or-treating and wearing costumes from Americans.This is an example of ____ on an international scale.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of a social norm in mainstream U.S.culture?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Deviant behavior is usually met with rejection,but in Japan,deviants in school tend to be shunned and harassed by their entire class or school.Such treatment is particularly psychologically damaging in Japan because the culture

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jane's softball team is planning to steal the other team's mascot-a baby goat.Jane does not want to participate in such a scheme.Which of the following situations would make it more likely that Jane will refuse to help her team steal the goat?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In what kinds of situations are people most likely to yield to normative social influence pressures?

Correct AnswerverifiedIn general,people are more responsive to...View AnswerShow Answer

Majorities tend to rely on ,whereas minorities tend to rely on .

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified
Both informational and normative conform...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
When someone in a group has an ally-some...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Researchers have concluded that in general, norms are more effective than norms in reducing litter.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
In general,people are more responsive to...
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