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Exam 21: Adulthood: Cognitive Development

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Question 81

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Randy is 60 years old and realizes that his reading speed and eyesight are not as robust as they were when he was younger. He still enjoys participating in a book club, which requires that a new book be read every week. In order to participate, Randy now listens to the books on tape. Randy is using _____ in order to participate in the book club.

A) compensatory thinking
B) selective optimization with compensation
C) maturation of compensation
D) optimization of maturation and wisdom

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Question 82

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From about age 20 to age 70, national values, specific genes, and education are all more influential on _____ than is chronological age.

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Question 83

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Experts rely more on formal procedures and rules rather than on past experiences and immediate contexts when thinking.

The basic intelligence that makes learning quick and thorough is referred to as "_____ intelligence."

Scores on fluid intelligence _____ with age.

The benefits of _____ intelligence in adult life are obvious, as adults need to solve real-world challenges.

Hundreds of cross-sectional studies of IQ in many nations confirm that older adults outscore younger adults.

It is unfair and scientifically invalid to compare IQ scores of a cross section to learn about age-related changes.

_____ work requires more cognitive practice and expertise than routine work.

Robert Sternberg states that there are three forms of intelligence: academic, creative, and practical.

The expert artist, musician, or scientist is creative and curious, deliberately experimenting and enjoying the challenge when things do not go according to plan. This suggests that his or her thinking is more _____.

According to the results of K. Warner Schaie's study, which individual would have performed best on an assessment of number ability?

From about ages 20 to 70, _____ seem(s) to have the LEAST influence on intelligence test scores.

In the _____ coping style, people try to solve their difficulties by attacking them in some way.

Today's emerging adults have _____ stressors than in the past.

It is difficult to determine who is a smart person, but it is easy to determine which nation is smartest.

With respect to intelligence testing in adulthood, scores on items measuring fluid intelligence _____ with age, and scores on items measuring crystallized intelligence _____ with age.

Which type of intelligence is usually MOST valued during high school and college?

Jerry, who is in good health, scores lower on an intelligence test than his grandson Cade. This could be for all the following reasons EXCEPT _____.

Crystallized intelligence remains steady across adulthood.