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Freud called the period from the ages of 3 to 6 years the "_____ stage."

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Tiara, Molly, and Maria are playing dress-up. They are all princesses and have built a castle out of cardboard boxes and colored paper. What type of play are the three girls engaging in?


A) bullying play
B) sociodramatic play
C) parallel play
D) rough-and-tumble play

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

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The five different kinds of play identified by Mildred Parten (1932) are sequential, meaning that each subsequent one is more interactive than the previous one.

A) True
B) False

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Jack sees his friends Evan and Liam playing a quiet game of blocks. Jack wants to engage in some rough-and-tumble play, so he grabs one of the blocks and runs a few feet away, looking over his shoulder and displaying a play face. How are Evan and Liam likely to respond?


A) They will tell an adult that Jack disrupted their game.
B) They will chase Jack and play wrestle.
C) They will cry and demand their block back.
D) They will ignore Jack and continue playing with their blocks.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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Behavior that is _____ is intended to harm someone else.

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Two-year-old Julia repeatedly exclaims "Me do it!" when her mother tries to help her. Although this behavior is frustrating, her mother understands that doing things independently will develop Julia's sense of _____.


A) initiative
B) trust
C) integrity
D) emotional regulation

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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In which country is physical punishment of a child illegal?


A) United States
B) Canada
C) France
D) Finland

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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Describe neglectful/uninvolved parenting and compare it to the permissive parenting style.

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Neglectful/uninvolved parents do not see...

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Rough-and-tumble play helps children to develop self-control.

A) True
B) False

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Which scenario best illustrates prosocial behavior?


A) Savannah takes out the garbage for a quarter.
B) Selena helps her mother clean so that her mother will take her to the park.
C) Gwen says "please" when asking her mother for a dollar.
D) Bethany feeds her baby brother because her mother is sick.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Children who are spanked are more likely to use aggression to retaliate against a peer.

A) True
B) False

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Instrumental aggression is an angry retaliation for someone else's actions.

A) True
B) False

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Of the following statements, which does NOT contribute to emotional regulation?


A) Maturation matters.
B) Learning matters.
C) Culture matters.
D) Timing of birth matters.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Discuss the development of emotional regulation in early childhood, including the concept of "effortful control." How do culture and family contribute to its development?

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Emotional regulation, which is the abili...

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The four dimensions of a parenting style are warmth, discipline, communication, and _____.


A) physical contact
B) expectations for maturity
C) trust
D) supportiveness

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Authoritarian parenting tends to produce conscientious, obedient children.

A) True
B) False

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Many developmentalists are concerned that modern children spend too little time _____.


A) playing alone
B) in rough-and-tumble play
C) imitating adults
D) engaged in active play

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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