Question 1

What is a stream's discharge rate if it has a width of 10 meters, a depth of 2 meters, and a velocity of 2 meters per second?

Accepted Answer

A)  400 cubic meters per second
B)  120 cubic meters per second
C)  40 cubic meters per second
D)  22 cubic meters per second
E)  14 cubic meters per secondF) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 2

What is the pattern of discharge shown by this hydrograph?

Accepted Answer

A)  Discharge gradually increases and quickly decreases.
B)  Discharge quickly increases and gradually decreases.
C)  Discharge gradually decreases and quickly increases.
D)  Discharges quickly decreases and gradually increases.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Which of the features on this aerial photograph is a point bar?

Accepted Answer

A)  A
B)  B
C)  C
D)  DE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

Which of the following can have a significant effect on a river?

Accepted Answer

A)  rises and drops in sea level
B)  tectonics
C)  types of bedrock in the river
D)  changes in climate
E)  All of these.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B) E

Question 5

Which of the following features are generally NOT associated with mountain streams and rivers?

Accepted Answer

A)  waterfalls
B)  rapids
C)  canyons incised into bedrock
D)  meandersE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 6

This figure shows four numbered river terraces, with 1 being the highest and 4 being the lowest.Which is the youngest terrace?

Accepted Answer

A)  1
B)  2
C)  3
D)  4E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

Which of the following is true about levees?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are a reliable way to protect an area from flooding.
B)  To be called a levee, a feature needs to be at least partly constructed by humans.
C)  A levee can trap water on the floodplain after the flood has subsided.
D)  None of these.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 8

What would happen if the ice in this area melted away?

Accepted Answer

A)  The land near the ice would drop due to isostatic rebound.
B)  Rivers could change direction and flow away from the area once covered by ice.
C)  The land subsides because the ice is removed.
D)  All of these.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C) B

Question 9

Bedrock and sediment in a stream is most susceptible to erosion if it is

Accepted Answer

A)  in slow-moving water in an eddy.
B)  in a site that is sheltered from oncoming clasts.
C)  located in a turbulent part of the river.
D)  composed entirely of large clasts that affect stream flow.
E)  All of these.F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 10

Which of the following accompanies urbanization (replacing farms and open areas with cities) ?

Accepted Answer

A)  The discharge pattern of streams in the area does not change.
B)  Runoff occurs more quickly and produces a higher peak flow.
C)  Runoff becomes more spread out in time, increasing the amount of flooding.
D)  Runoff becomes more spread out in time, reducing the amount of flooding.
E)  None of these.F) B) and C)
G) C) and E)

Question 11

A delta forms when

Accepted Answer

A)  ocean waves, especially during storms, pile up sediment along the coast.
B)  a steep mountain front collapses sending sediment out into the sea.
C)  a river slows and deposits sediment as it enters a lake or sea.
D)  windblown dust slides down steep hillsides and into a lake.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 12

Which of the following is true about a delta?

Accepted Answer

A)  A delta forms as channels merge and pile up sand.
B)  A river keeps forming a delta in the exact same position along a coastline.
C)  Deltas form some layers that are horizontal and form some that are inclined toward the ocean.
D)  The total amount of sediment carried by the river increases from the start to the end of the delta system.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

What was the cause of flooding in the 1993 upper Mississippi River flood?

Accepted Answer

A)  Heavy snowmelt in Canada sent large volumes of water down the river in the spring.
B)  A dam failed because it had been built in a risky place near a fault.
C)  Persistent thunderstorms caused large amounts of rainfall over a several-state region.
D)  Winter produced rain that melted snow that was on the ground.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 14

What type of stream is shown in this figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  meandering stream
B)  braided stream
C)  a stream whose main channel has high sinuosity
D)  an eskerE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 15

Which of the following lessons was illustrated by flood data from the Colorado River and from the Yellowstone River?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fifty years is a long enough record to record all but a 100-year flood.
B)  The largest flood possible along a river is likely to have been witnessed by humans.
C)  Few floods are ever larger than 10,000 cubic meters per second.
D)  None of these.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 16

Where do mountain streams get most of their load of sediment?

Accepted Answer

A)  landslides, slope failures, and erosion of the mountain sides
B)  downward incision into bedrock
C)  abrasion of bedrock along the bottom of the channel
D)  alluvial fansE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 17

Which of the following is true about transport of sediment in a stream?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pebbles and cobbles are mostly transported by suspension.
B)  Sediment that is deposited within a stream bed is unlikely to be transported again.
C)  Sand can be transported in a series of bounces along the stream bed.
D)  Slower current can carry larger clasts because the water is in contact with each clast for a longer time.
E)  Sand grains are converted into salt by the process of saltation.F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 18

Which of the following influences whether a flood occurs?

Accepted Answer

A)  the height of levees
B)  the amount of discharge
C)  urbanization (replacing farms or natural land with buildings) 
D)  the width of the channel
E)  All of these are influences.F) D) and E)
G) A) and E) E

Question 19

What is the mostly likely setting for this drainage pattern?

Accepted Answer

A)  The rocks have a relatively equal resistance to erosion.
B)  Drainages have followed a series of fractures that branch off of one another.
C)  The area has folded or faulted rocks with different resistances to erosion.
D)  A volcano once existed here but has been partly eroded away.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 20

What could cause a canyon to be deeper upstream than downstream?

Accepted Answer

A)  The area upstream could be uplifted more than areas downstream.
B)  The area upstream is higher above base level and so results in deep erosion.
C)  A steeper gradient allows more erosion upstream.
D)  All of these.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Exam 13: Streams and Flooding

What is a stream's discharge rate if it has a width of 10 meters, a depth of 2 meters, and a velocity of 2 meters per second?

Correct Answer
verified

What is the pattern of discharge shown by this hydrograph?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the features on this aerial photograph is a point bar?

Correct Answer
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Which of the following can have a significant effect on a river?

Correct Answer
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E

Which of the following features are generally NOT associated with mountain streams and rivers?

Correct Answer
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This figure shows four numbered river terraces, with 1 being the highest and 4 being the lowest.Which is the youngest terrace?

Correct Answer
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Which of the following is true about levees?

Correct Answer
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What would happen if the ice in this area melted away?

Correct Answer
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B

Bedrock and sediment in a stream is most susceptible to erosion if it is

Correct Answer
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Which of the following accompanies urbanization (replacing farms and open areas with cities) ?

Correct Answer
verified

A delta forms when

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is true about a delta?

Correct Answer
verified

What was the cause of flooding in the 1993 upper Mississippi River flood?

Correct Answer
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What type of stream is shown in this figure?

Correct Answer
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Which of the following lessons was illustrated by flood data from the Colorado River and from the Yellowstone River?

Correct Answer
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Where do mountain streams get most of their load of sediment?

Correct Answer
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Which of the following is true about transport of sediment in a stream?

Correct Answer
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Which of the following influences whether a flood occurs?

Correct Answer
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E

Correct Answer
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What could cause a canyon to be deeper upstream than downstream?

Correct Answer
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Exam 13: Streams and Flooding

What is a stream's discharge rate if it has a width of 10 meters, a depth of 2 meters, and a velocity of 2 meters per second?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the pattern of discharge shown by this hydrograph?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the features on this aerial photograph is a point bar?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following can have a significant effect on a river?

Correct AnswerverifiedE

Which of the following features are generally NOT associated with mountain streams and rivers?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

This figure shows four numbered river terraces, with 1 being the highest and 4 being the lowest.Which is the youngest terrace?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true about levees?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What would happen if the ice in this area melted away?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Bedrock and sediment in a stream is most susceptible to erosion if it is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following accompanies urbanization (replacing farms and open areas with cities) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A delta forms when

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true about a delta?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What was the cause of flooding in the 1993 upper Mississippi River flood?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What type of stream is shown in this figure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following lessons was illustrated by flood data from the Colorado River and from the Yellowstone River?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Where do mountain streams get most of their load of sediment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true about transport of sediment in a stream?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following influences whether a flood occurs?

Correct AnswerverifiedE

What is the mostly likely setting for this drainage pattern?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What could cause a canyon to be deeper upstream than downstream?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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E

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B

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E

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