Question 1

What is stranger anxiety, and when does it develop? What is separation protest, and when does it peak?

Accepted Answer

Stranger anxiety is when an infant shows...

Question 2

Infancy experts Mary Ainsworth and John Bowlby stress that ________ is an important ingredient in developing a strong bond between the infant and the caregiver.

Accepted Answer

A)   a quick, comforting response to the infant's cries
B)   ignoring the infant's cries
C)   forcefully telling the infant not to cry
D)   responding too much to infant cryingE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Which of the following would Erik Erikson most likely recommend to soothe a crying infant?

Accepted Answer

A)   Do not soothe the baby because he or she will be spoiled.
B)   Pick up the baby and soothe him or her so that a healthy sense of trust develops.
C)   Allow the infant to cry because this will encourage the development of a self-sufficient child.
D)   Soothe the baby every other time, so that he or she does not become dependent on external comforters.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 4

Juan has been showing a marked increase in his imitative and reciprocal play. He goes around imitating nonverbal actions like jumping and running. Juan is probably

Accepted Answer

A)   around six months old.
B)   between six and nine months old.
C)   between 12 and 18 months old.
D)   between 18 and 24 months old.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 5

Ariel is a newborn baby. Her mother notices that she often smiles in her sleep during the first 30 days. Identify the type of smile being described in this scenario.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ariel is a newborn baby. Her mother...

Question 6

Which of the following is an important role played by emotions during infancy?

Accepted Answer

A)   cognition
B)   communication
C)   sensation
D)   sucklingE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 7

An inhibited temperament has been associated with

Accepted Answer

A)   low thyroxine levels.
B)   unstable heart rate.
C)   low levels of the hormone cortisol.
D)   high activity in the right frontal lobe of the brain.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 8

Which of the following is a good example of scaffolding?

Accepted Answer

A)   child-directed speech
B)   the Strange Situation
C)   a game of peek-a-boo
D)   social referencingE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

Researchers are discovering that infants are more socially sophisticated and insightful at younger ages than previously envisioned. In which aspect is this sophistication and insight reflected?

Accepted Answer

A)   in infants' perceptions of others' actions as intentionally motivated and goal-directed
B)   in infants' awareness of their selves as an independent entity
C)   in infants' development of more finely refined sensory perceptions, such as vision and hearing
D)   in infants' ability to manipulate objects in an effective mannerE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 10

Describe the Strange Situation. What is an important criticism of this method?

Accepted Answer

The Strange Situation is an observationa...

Question 11

Research on fathers as caregivers indicates that fathers

Accepted Answer

A)   tend to be less nurturing caregivers than mothers.
B)   are biologically more suited for a nurturing caregiver role than mothers.
C)   typically engage in child-care activities such as feeding or bathing rather than play.
D)   interact with their babies in different ways than mothers do regardless of which parent is the primary caregiver.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

In Canada, parents tend to prefer children with a(n)  ________ temperament, whereas in China a(n)  ________ temperament is more highly valued.

Accepted Answer

A)   active; inhibited
B)   inhibited; active
C)   inner-focused; outward-focused
D)   outward-focused; inner-focusedE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 13

Anna is at a phase of attachment where she takes the feelings of others into consideration before acting. According to John Bowlby, what age range would Anna fall under?

Accepted Answer

A)   She is either 6 months of age or younger.
B)   She is between 12 and 18 months old.
C)   She is between 18 and 20 months old.
D)   She is 24 months of age or older.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 14

________, a mammalian hormone that also acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain, is released during breast feeding and by contact and warmth.

Accepted Answer

A)   Adrenaline
B)   Oxytocin
C)   Vasopressin
D)   EstrogenE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Shoko responds positively to being picked up by others, and when put back down, freely moves away to play. She would most likely be classified as being

Accepted Answer

A)   securely attached.
B)   extremely inhibited.
C)   difficult.
D)   insecurely attached.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

When Josh was dropped off at preschool on the very first day of class, he was quite upset. He cried for a long time and would not play with the other children. This behavior continued for a few more days. Some days, Josh would throw tantrums right before his mother dropped him off, and on other days he would cry and scream after his mom left him at the preschool. According to psychiatrists Alexander Chess and Stella Thomas, what type of temperament does Josh have?

Accepted Answer

A)   slow-to-warm-up
B)   easy
C)   difficult
D)   inflexibleE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 17

Nikita is 18 months old, and she has a tendency to cry when strangers come near her. She is displaying one of a baby's earliest emotions, ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   fear
B)   embarrassment
C)   jealousy
D)   prideE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 18

Blanca rarely holds Joey, her baby, and tends to respond to his needs in an angry, irritable fashion. It is most likely that Joey will develop a(n)  ________ with his mother.

Accepted Answer

A)   secure attachment
B)   insecure avoidant attachment
C)   insecure resistant attachment
D)   disorganized resistant attachmentE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

Infants show ________ when they are in familiar settings.

Accepted Answer

A)   more stranger anxiety
B)   no separation protest
C)   less stranger anxiety
D)   more separation protestE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 20

________ involves individual differences in behavioral styles, emotions, and characteristic ways of responding.

Accepted Answer

A)   Attachment
B)   Temperament
C)   Perception
D)   Social referencingE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Exam 6: Socioemotional Development in Infancy

Ariel is a newborn baby. Her mother notices that she often smiles in her sleep during the first 30 days. Identify the type of smile being described in this scenario.

Correct Answer
verified

Infants show ________ when they are in familiar settings.

Correct Answer
verified

Nikita is 18 months old, and she has a tendency to cry when strangers come near her. She is displaying one of a baby's earliest emotions, ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

________, a mammalian hormone that also acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain, is released during breast feeding and by contact and warmth.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following would Erik Erikson most likely recommend to soothe a crying infant?

Correct Answer
verified

Infancy experts Mary Ainsworth and John Bowlby stress that ________ is an important ingredient in developing a strong bond between the infant and the caregiver.

Correct Answer
verified

Juan has been showing a marked increase in his imitative and reciprocal play. He goes around imitating nonverbal actions like jumping and running. Juan is probably

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is a good example of scaffolding?

Correct Answer
verified

Describe the Strange Situation. What is an important criticism of this method?

Correct Answer
verified
The Strange Situation is an observationa...
View Answer

Shoko responds positively to being picked up by others, and when put back down, freely moves away to play. She would most likely be classified as being

Correct Answer
verified

Blanca rarely holds Joey, her baby, and tends to respond to his needs in an angry, irritable fashion. It is most likely that Joey will develop a(n) ________ with his mother.

Correct Answer
verified

________ involves individual differences in behavioral styles, emotions, and characteristic ways of responding.

Correct Answer
verified

Researchers are discovering that infants are more socially sophisticated and insightful at younger ages than previously envisioned. In which aspect is this sophistication and insight reflected?

Correct Answer
verified

What is stranger anxiety, and when does it develop? What is separation protest, and when does it peak?

Correct Answer
verified
Stranger anxiety is when an infant shows...
View Answer

An inhibited temperament has been associated with

Correct Answer
verified

Anna is at a phase of attachment where she takes the feelings of others into consideration before acting. According to John Bowlby, what age range would Anna fall under?

Correct Answer
verified

Research on fathers as caregivers indicates that fathers

Correct Answer
verified

In Canada, parents tend to prefer children with a(n) temperament, whereas in China a(n) temperament is more highly valued.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is an important role played by emotions during infancy?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 6: Socioemotional Development in Infancy

Ariel is a newborn baby. Her mother notices that she often smiles in her sleep during the first 30 days. Identify the type of smile being described in this scenario.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Infants show ________ when they are in familiar settings.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nikita is 18 months old, and she has a tendency to cry when strangers come near her. She is displaying one of a baby's earliest emotions, ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________, a mammalian hormone that also acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain, is released during breast feeding and by contact and warmth.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would Erik Erikson most likely recommend to soothe a crying infant?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Infancy experts Mary Ainsworth and John Bowlby stress that ________ is an important ingredient in developing a strong bond between the infant and the caregiver.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Juan has been showing a marked increase in his imitative and reciprocal play. He goes around imitating nonverbal actions like jumping and running. Juan is probably

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a good example of scaffolding?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the Strange Situation. What is an important criticism of this method?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe Strange Situation is an observationa...View AnswerShow Answer

Shoko responds positively to being picked up by others, and when put back down, freely moves away to play. She would most likely be classified as being

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Blanca rarely holds Joey, her baby, and tends to respond to his needs in an angry, irritable fashion. It is most likely that Joey will develop a(n) ________ with his mother.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ involves individual differences in behavioral styles, emotions, and characteristic ways of responding.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Researchers are discovering that infants are more socially sophisticated and insightful at younger ages than previously envisioned. In which aspect is this sophistication and insight reflected?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is stranger anxiety, and when does it develop? What is separation protest, and when does it peak?

Correct AnswerverifiedStranger anxiety is when an infant shows...View AnswerShow Answer

An inhibited temperament has been associated with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Anna is at a phase of attachment where she takes the feelings of others into consideration before acting. According to John Bowlby, what age range would Anna fall under?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research on fathers as caregivers indicates that fathers

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Canada, parents tend to prefer children with a(n) ________ temperament, whereas in China a(n) ________ temperament is more highly valued.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an important role played by emotions during infancy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified
The Strange Situation is an observationa...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Stranger anxiety is when an infant shows...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

In Canada, parents tend to prefer children with a(n) temperament, whereas in China a(n) temperament is more highly valued.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified